Abstract：Geosynthetics-reinforced earth retaining walls have been widely employed in geotechnical reinforcement engineering practice. As one of the key issues in design and construction of the reinforced earth structures，more attentions have been paid to the rational evaluation of long-term performance of reinforced earth structures. A numerical procedure based on finite element method is presented for analysis of behavior of deformations and stresses of reinforced earth structures. The nonlinear creep behaviors of both filling soils and geosynthetics used for reinforcement are taken into account by using the rheological models of viscoelasto- plasticity and nonlinear viscoelasticity respectively. Additionally，the interaction effects of reinforcement and fills，panel and fill as well as panel and panel are rationally considered by using Goodman¢s joint element model. The layer-by-layer filling process of backfills of retaining wall is also simulated. Nonlinear computations based on 2D FEM are numerically implemented by hybrid algorithm in which the incremental scheme is incorporated with iterations by using the initial-strain procedure. Based on the test results of Denver test wall of clay soil，the computational parameters are evaluated. The proposed method is applied to analyze of Denver test wall. The reliability and reasonability of the proposed method are verified through a comparison of the computed results with test data and other conventional methods. It is shown that the numerical results given by the proposed method are in well agreement with test results，and the proposed numerical method considering the creep effect can be used for evaluation of long-term behavior of reinforced earth structures.
