Assuming soil was undrained，the computing formulae of ground deformation induced by both bulkhead additive thrust and friction force between shield and soil were derived from the Mindlin solution in elastic mechanics. Formula of ground deformation induced by ground loss was offered. Combining the formulae of ground deformation induced by ground loss，bulkhead additive thrust，and the friction force between shield and soil，the formula of total ground deformation induced by shield tunneling was obtained. This method was applied to the construction phase. As shown in analytical calculation，the calculated results were in accordance with the field data. Longitudinal surface deformation induced by shield tunnel was assumed as a S-shaped curve. Surfaces on both sides hunched up at the axis of excavation face. During normal construction process，the friction force between shield and soil exhibited greater influence on surface deformation compared with bulkhead additive thrust.