Abstract：Uniaxial compressive tests on standard granite specimen and granite plate with circular hole at center are carried out under different loading rates；and the whole process of rock failure is studied and the characteristics of acoustic emission in the process of rock failure are analyzed. The crack initiation and propagation are recorded in the whole course. The following conclusions can be drawn from tests. (1) Rock failure is a reflection of the crack initiation and propagation. The acoustic emission(AE) phenomenon can show the laws of crack initiation and propagation. (2) Under different loading rates，the specimen has different ultimate bearing capacities and failure modes. (3) Based on the test results，a constitutive relation of elastobrittle material with damage is established，and with the implementation of the secondary development of ABAQUS，the model is studied with numerical simulation under the same condition of the test，then the experimental results are compared with those of numerical simulation. The results of simulation calculations truly reflect the full process of rock deformation and failure. The research results play a great role in the strength criteria of rock fracture and rockburst mechanism.
