采煤面覆岩破坏动态测试模拟研究

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摘要利用煤层顶板钻孔及巷道形成电法测试系统，根据采动速度测取不同时期岩层电场变化特征，可对上覆岩层受采动影响的变化规律进行全面分析研究，所获得的垮落带和导水裂缝带(以下简称“两带”)高度值对煤矿安全生产具有重要的指导意义。以井下实测煤层为地质模型，通过相似模拟技术构建煤层开采条件，结合孔巷电法系统进行测试模拟与综合分析，提高对“两带”高度值判断的准确性。模拟研究结果表明，孔巷电阻率法对岩层采动产生的结构变化反应灵敏，单次测试电阻率与背景电阻率比值剖面可有效分辨模型开挖过程中的应力超前、岩层变形、破坏等特征，判定垮落带高度为0.07 m，导水裂缝带高度为0.33 m，其相似比例为100，该结果与井下实测值相一致。

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关键词 ：采矿工程, 覆岩破坏, 孔巷电法, 相似模拟, 动态测试

Abstract：Through bore in the top rock and laneway，the bore-laneway observing system is formed. According to mining velocity，the changing characters of electric field in different time can be tested；and the changing law of overburden failure affected by mining can be analyzed comprehensively. The height of “two belts” gained by detection is helpful for safety production of mine. Using the practical coal seam as the geological model，the mining condition of coal seam is found through the technique of the similar simulation. The detection simulation is arranged combined with the bore-laneway resistivity system. The comprehensive analysis result can improve the accuracy for the height of the “two belts”. The research results of simulation show that the bore-laneway resistivity method has sensitive reaction to structure change affected by mining. The resistivity ratio section of several time and background detection can resolve effectively the characters of stress excess，distortion and failure of rock during the process of the model mining. According to the detecting results in model workface，the height of caving zone is 0.07 m；and the height of failure zone is 0.33 m. According to the proportional similarity of 100，the result is consistent with the practical measured values in mine workface.

Key words： mining engineering overburden failure bore-laneway resistivity method similar simulation dynamic detection

引用本文:

张平松1，2，胡雄武1，刘盛东2. 采煤面覆岩破坏动态测试模拟研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2011, 30(1): 78-83.
ZHANG Pingsong1，2，HU Xiongwu1，LIU Shengdong2. STUDY OF DYNAMIC DETECTION SIMULATION OF OVERBURDEN FAILURE IN MODEL WORKFACE. , 2011, 30(1): 78-83.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2011/V30/I1/78

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