(1. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering，Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics，Chinese
Academy of Sciences，Wuhan，Hubei 430071，China；2. Rail Transit Business Division，TYLin International Engineering Consulting(China) Co.，Ltd.，Chongqing 401121，China)
Abstract：According to the geological conditions，field test，numerical analysis and the entire process of supporting design and construction of tunnels in Jinping II hydropower station，a classification method for failure modes of surrounding rock of deep tunnel in hard rock is established. All of failure phenomena are divided into 3 categories and 9 typical failure modes by the proposed method respectively based on demands of supporting and controlling factors. Furthermore，failure mechanisms and manifestations are analyzed；and controlling measures are provided. Specially，the mechanisms and corresponding controlling measures of rockbursts are discussed. The classification method is applied to identify and analyze various kinds of failure modes，all of which are revealed during excavation of tunnels in Jinping II hydropower station. The recommended controlling measures are adopted referring to the failure modes. The engineering practice indicates that the classification method is comprehensive and practical，which provides an effective way for on-site designers，geologists and constructors to optimize excavation and supporting design of deep tunnel in hard rock.
吴文平1，2，冯夏庭1，张传庆1，邱士利1. 深埋硬岩隧洞围岩的破坏模式分类与调控策略[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2011, 30(9): 1782-1802.
WU Wenping1，2，FENG Xiating1，ZHANG Chuanqing1，QIU Shili1. CLASSIFICATION OF FAILURE MODES AND CONTROLLING MEASURES FOR SURROUNDING ROCK OF DEEP TUNNEL IN HARD ROCK. , 2011, 30(9): 1782-1802.
2011, Vol. 30 
