无填充裂隙岩体水流–传热模型实验研究

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摘要裂隙岩体内的水流–传热特征是评价高放射核废物处置库安全运行的重要组成部分。选取中国高放射核废物地下处置库重点预选场区–甘肃北山地区的花岗岩，加工组合成尺寸为150.25 cm×90.4 cm×30 cm(高度×宽度×厚度)的规则裂隙岩体模型，进行室内实验，研究热源温度和裂隙水流速对多裂隙岩体内水流–传热过程的影响。模型由18块花岗岩组成，包含开度不同的2条水平和2条垂直裂隙，在模型一侧设置电热板并在裂隙以及岩石内部布置温度和压力传感器。实验结果表明：(1) 由于热源和垂直裂隙之间的距离，岩石热传导和裂隙水流动约在实验开始一小时后耦合；(2) 在水平裂隙与垂直裂隙的交汇处存在局部热对流，使垂直裂隙水的温度在该处明显升高；(3) 热源温度越高，裂隙水流速越低，系统温度场达到稳定的时间越长，热源的影响距离越远；(4) 邻近热源侧的垂直裂隙对整个温度场的分布起控制作用，水平裂隙会增加热源的影响距离；(5) 实验中裂隙水温度低于100 ℃，热源温度变化对裂隙水压力变化的影响很小。

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关键词 ：岩石力学, 核废物地下处置库, 裂隙岩体, 水流&ndash, 传热, 模型实验

Abstract：The characteristics of water flow and heat transfer in fractured rocks is an important component for the performance and safety evaluation of high-level radioactive nuclear waste repositories. A meter-scale physical modelling experiment is conducted to study the behaviour of flow and heat transfer in multi-fractured rocks with variable heat source temperature and water flow velocity. The granite rocks are taken from the Beishan area in Gansu province，which is being investigated as potential site for the high-nuclear waste repository in China. The fractured rock model of 150.25 cm×90.4 cm×30 cm(height×width×thickness) consists of 18 granite rocks with 2 vertical fractures and 2 horizontal fractures；a heater is placed on one side of the fractured rock model and thermal sensors and pressure sensors are installed in the interior. The experimental results reveal that：(1) since there exists a distance between the heat source and the vertical fractures，heat conduction and fracture water flow are not significantly coupled until after one hour of the experiment；(2) at the junction of vertical and horizontal fractures，due to local heat convection，the temperature of water in the vicinity is significantly increased；(3) the range of influence of the heat source is larger，and the time for asymptotically approaching steady-state is longer，for higher heat source temperatures and lower water velocities in the fractures；(4) vertical fracture adjacent to the heat source controls the temperature distribution in the model，and the horizontal fractures may increase the range of influence of the heat source；(5) under the given conditions，with the vertical fracture water temperatures well below 100 ℃，there is little effect on the water pressure.

Key words： rock mechanics nuclear waste repository fractured rock water flow and heat transfer physical modelling experiment

收稿日期: 2010-09-10

引用本文:

路威，项彦勇，李涛. 无填充裂隙岩体水流–传热模型实验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2011, 30(S2): 3884-3891.
LU Wei，XIANG Yanyong，LI Tao. A PHYSICAL MODELING STUDY OF WATER FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER IN UN-FILLED FRACTURED ROCKS. , 2011, 30(S2): 3884-3891.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2011/V30/IS2/3884

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