恒定大气条件下砂土蒸发机制的模型试验研究

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (0 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要采用大尺寸模型试验对法国枫丹白露砂土的蒸发机制进行研究。利用模型箱进行各种大气条件下砂土上覆水层蒸发试验，验证模型箱的工作性能和蒸发速率的计算方法；而后进行恒定大气条件下的大体积砂土(无上覆水层)水分蒸发试验，研究蒸发过程中大气参数和土体参数的变化，并根据试验结果对砂土蒸发机制和实际蒸发速率进行分析。研究结果表明：模型箱工作性能良好，所采用的蒸发速率计算方法合适；土体温度受土体蒸发过程的影响；土–大气交界面存在2个较大的温度梯度；空气的相对湿度随着蒸发的进行逐渐降低；土体蒸发对土体含水量的影响与蒸发时间和土体阻抗有关；土体浅层基质吸力梯度随蒸发的进行逐渐增大。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章

关键词 ：土力学, 蒸发机制, 模型试验, 枫丹白露砂土, 恒定大气条件

Abstract：The evaporation mechanism of Fontainebleau sand using a large-scale model chamber is studied. First，the evaporation test on a layer of water above sand surface is performed under various atmospheric conditions，validating the performance of the chamber and the calculation method of actual evaporation rate by comparing the calculated and measured cumulative evaporations. Second，the evaporation test on sand without water layer is conducted under constant atmospheric condition. Both the evolutions of atmospheric parameters and the response of soil are recorded. The evaporation mechanism of sand and its actual evaporation rate are analyzed using the recorded data. The results show that the chamber exhibits a good performance and the calculation method of actual evaporation rate is relevant. Moreover，evaporation process affects soil temperature. Two large temperature gradients are identified at soil-air interface. The relative humidity of air decreases along with the evaporation process. The effect of evaporation process on soil volumetric water content is related to evaporation duration and soil resistance. The matric suction gradients of soil at surface zone increase during evaporation.

Key words： soil mechanics evaporation mechanism model test Fontainebleau sand constant atmospheric condition

收稿日期: 2013-04-17

引用本文:

宋卫康1，2，丁文其1，2，崔玉军3. 恒定大气条件下砂土蒸发机制的模型试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2014, 33(2): 405-412.
SONG Weikang1，2，DING Wenqi1，2，CUI Yujun3. MODEL TEST STUDY OF EVAPORATION MECHANISM OF SAND UNDER CONSTANT ATMOSPHERIC CONDITION. , 2014, 33(2): 405-412.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2014/V33/I2/405

[1]	CORTI T，MUCCIONE V，KOLLNER-HECK P，et al. Simulating past droughts and associated building damages in France[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences，2009，13(9)：1 739-1 747. " target="_blank">
[7]	孔令伟，陈建斌，郭爱国，等. 大气作用下膨胀土边坡的现场响应试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报，2007，29(7)：1 065-1 073.(KONG Lingwei，CHEN Jianbin，GUO Aiguo，et al. Field response tests on expansive soil slopes under atmosphere[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering，2007，29(7)：1 065-1 073.(in Chinese)) " target="_blank">
[13]	陈建斌，孔令伟，赵艳林，等. 非饱和土的蒸发效应与影响因素分析[J]. 岩土力学，2007，28(1)：36-40.(CHEN Jianbin，KONG Lingwei，ZHAO Yanlin，et al. Evaporation effect in unsaturated soil and its influential factors[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2007，28(1)：36-40.(in Chinese)) " target="_blank">
[15]	KOHSIEK W A. rapid-circulation evaporation chamber for measuring bulk stomatal resistance[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology，1981，20(1)：42-52. " target="_blank">
[17]	MOHAMED A A，SASAKI T，WATANABE K. Solute transport through unsaturated soil due to evaporation[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering，2000，126(9)：842-848. " target="_blank">
[19]	WILSON G W，FREDLUND D G，BARBOUR S L. Coupled soil-atmosphere modelling for soil evaporation[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal，1994，31(2)：151-161. " target="_blank">
[22]	YANFUL E K，MOUSAVI S M，YANG M. Modeling and measurement of evaporation in moisture-retaining soil covers[J]. Advances in Environmental Research，2003，7(4)：783-801.
[2]	CORTI T，WUEST M，BRESCH D，et al. Drought-induced building damages from simulations at regional scale[J]. Nature Hazards and Earth System Sciences，2011，11(12)：3 335-3 342. " target="_blank">
[8]	孔令伟，陈正汉. 特殊土与边坡技术发展综述[J]. 土木工程学报，2012，45(5)：141-161.(KONG Lingwei，CHEN Zhenghan. Advancement in the techniques for special soils and slopes[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal，2012，45(5)：141-161.(in Chinese)) " target="_blank">
[21]	YANG M，YANFUL E K. Water balance during evaporation and drainage in cover soils under different water table conditions[J]. Advances in Environmental Research，2002，6(4)：505-521.
[25]	史文娟，沈冰，汪志荣，等. 夹砂层状土壤潜水蒸发特性及计算模型[J]. 农业工程学报，2007，23(2)：17-20.(SHI Wenjuan，SHEN Bing，WANG Zhirong，et al. Characteristics and calculation model of phreatic evaporation of sand-layered soil[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering，2007，23(2)：17-20.(in Chinese))
[4]	HEMMATI S，GATMIRI B，CUI Y J，et al. Soil-vegetation- atmosphere interaction by a multiphysics approach[J]. Journal of Multiscale Modelling，2010，2(3/4)：163-184. " target="_blank">
[6]	PUPPALA A J，MANOSUTHKIJ T，NAZARIAN S，et al. Threshold moisture content and matric suction potentials in expansive clays prior to initiation of cracking in pavements[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal，2011，48(4)：519-531.
[10]	CUI Y J，TA A N，HEMMATI S，et al. Experimental and numerical investigation of soil-atmosphere interaction[J]. Engineering Geology，2013，165：20-28. " target="_blank">
[20]	YANFUL E K，CHOO L P. Measurement of evaporative fluxes from candidate cover soils[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal，1997，34(3)：447-459. " target="_blank">
[23]	SHOKRI N，LEHMANN P，VONTOBEL P，et al. Drying front and water content dynamics during evaporation from sand delineated by neutron radiography[J]. Water Resources Research，2008，44：W06418. " target="_blank">
[27]	SONG W K，CUI Y J，TANG A M，et al. Development of a large-scale environmental chamber for investigating soil water evaporation[J]. Geotechnical Testing Journal，2013，36(6)：847-857.
[24]	SMITS K M，CIHAN A，SAKAKI T，et al. Evaporation from soils under thermal boundary conditions：Experimental and modeling investigation to compare equilibrium and nonequilibrium-based approaches[J]. Water Resources Research，2011，47：W05540. " target="_blank">
[3]	CUI Y J，ZORNBERG J G. Water balance and evapotranspiration monitoring in geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering[J]. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering，2008，26(6)：783-798.
[5]	CUI Y J，GAO Y B，FERBER V. Simulating the water content and temperature changes in an experimental embankment using meteorological data[J]. Engineering Geology，2010，114(3/4)：456-471. " target="_blank">
[9]	付宏渊，曾铃，王桂尧，等. 降雨入渗条件下软岩边坡稳定性分析[J]. 岩土力学，2012，33(8)：2 359-2 365.(FU Hongyuan，ZENG Ling，WANG Guiyao，et al. Stability analysis of soft rock slope under rainfall infiltration[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2012，33(8)：2 359- 2 365.(in Chinese)) " target="_blank">
[11]	高彦斌，崔玉军. 微气候能量分析法在岩土工程分析中的应用[J]. 岩土力学，2009，30(2)：433-439.(GAO Yanbin，CUI Yujun. Use of microclimate energy analysis method in geotechnical problem analysis[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2009，30(2)：433-439.(in Chinese)) " target="_blank">
[12]	高彦斌，崔玉军. 法国鲁昂试验路堤与大气相互作用数值模拟[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2007，26(增1)：3 079-3 085.(GAO Yanbin，CUI Yujun. Numerical simulation of interaction between atmosphere and experimental embankment in Rouen，France[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2007，26(Supp.1)：3 079- 3 085.(in Chinese)) " target="_blank">
[14]	陈建斌，孔令伟，赵艳林，等. 蒸发蒸腾作用下非饱和土的吸力和变形影响因素分析[J]. 岩土力学，2007，28(9)：1 767- 1 772.(CHEN Jianbin，KONG Lingwei，ZHAO Yanlin，et al. On influence factors of suction and deformation of unsaturated soil under evaporation and transpiration effect[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2007，28(9)：1 767-1 772.(in Chinese)) " target="_blank">
[16]	VAN DE GRIEND A A，OWE M. Bare soil surface resistance to evaporation by vapor diffusion under semiarid conditions[J]. Water Resources Research，1994，30(2)：181-188. " target="_blank">
[18]	ALUWIHARE S，WATANABE K. Measurement of evaporation on bare soil and estimating surface resistance[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering，2003，129(12)：1 157-1 168. " target="_blank">
[26]	WYTHERS K R，LAUENROTH W K，PARUELO J M. Bare-soil evaporation under semiarid field conditions[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal，1999，63(5)：1 341-1 349. " target="_blank">