穿越煤系地层隧道围岩大变形机制及处治研究

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摘要高速公路安远隧道穿越煤系地层，围岩主要由炭质页岩、煤线、泥岩夹层组成，炭质页岩试件单轴抗压强度为3.9～4.8 MPa。开展地应力测量，测量结果表明隧址区最大水平主应力为8～10 MPa，水平应力作用占主导。通过现场监测以及数值模拟分析，分析围岩大变形的特征，总结围岩大变形产生的原因，主要有：(1) 围岩强度低且易膨胀；(2) 相对岩体强度，地应力较高；(3) 水理作用；(4) 施工不当。在此基础上探讨变形机制。提出相应的处治措施：开挖后迅速封闭掌子面，设置临时支撑，施作长锚杆和注浆小导管控制变形，待变形稳定后适时进行拱圈更换，加密钢拱架间距，及时施作仰拱及二衬衬砌。现场监测结果显示，上述措施实施后，取得较为满意的效果。

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关键词 ：岩石力学, 公路隧道, 煤系地层, 软岩大变形

Abstract：Surrounding rock of Anyuan highway tunnel through coal strata is made of carbonaceous shale，coal line and mudstone weak interlayer. The uniaxial compressive strength of the carbonaceous shale specimens are 3.9–4.8 MPa. The geostress measurement is carried out，and the results show that the maximum horizontal principal stress is 8–10 MPa，and the horizontal principal stress is dominant in the area of tunnel. Based on the on-site monitoring and numerical simulation，the characteristics of surrounding rock deformation are analyzed. The reasons for large deformation are summarized as follows：(1) The strength of surrounding rock is low and the rock swells easily；(2) The level of geostress is high as to the low strength of rockmass；(3) Water effect；(4) Improper construction. The mechanism of large deformation is discussed also. The countermeasures are proposed as follows：the tunnel face should be closed quickly after excavation，then the temporary support is set up，long bolts and grouting pipe are used to control the deformation，the arch is replaced after deformation become stable，the spacing of steel arch is reduced，and finally，invert and inner lining are applied timely. According to the measurement results，it is shown that the treatment measures are effective.

Key words： rock mechanics highway tunnel coal strata large deformation of soft rockmass

收稿日期: 2012-06-18

引用本文:

李生杰1，2，谢永利1，吴丹泽3，朱小明4. 穿越煤系地层隧道围岩大变形机制及处治研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2013, 32(s2): 3501-3508.
LI Shengjie1，2，XIE Yongli1，WU Danze3，ZHU Xiaoming4. RESEARCH ON MECHANISM OF LARGE DEFORMATION AND COUNTERMEASURES OF SURROUNDING ROCKS OF TUNNEL THROUGH COAL STRATA. , 2013, 32(s2): 3501-3508.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2013/V32/Is2/3501

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