基于多物理场参数变化的花岗岩巷道岩爆前兆模拟实验研究

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摘要通过室内实验以及数值模拟研究构造应力对花岗岩巷道岩爆的影响，从可见光图像、声发射、远红外的变化规律入手，分析三者与巷道岩爆的内在联系，揭示巷道岩爆的孕育机制。实验选择的花岗岩岩爆倾向性指数为13.84～18.02，属于中等程度岩爆倾向性岩石。研究结果表明：由于岩石破裂过程中的能量耗散，发生岩爆前均会出现多种物理参数突变现象；岩爆发生前，巷道围岩将出现大范围应力转移和应力集中，岩爆发生时巷道左右以及上下边帮将有岩屑弹出，并且侧压越高，岩爆的烈度越强；岩爆发生前至少出现2次大范围温度跳变，即温度初始异常点与岩爆前兆点；声发射绝对能量b值的跳变和平静期的出现可作为大破裂的前兆信息；经统计分析，这3种监测手段对岩爆的响应敏感顺序为：可见光图像＞远红外＞声发射。由于岩体内部观测的复杂性，采用多种监测手段，建立岩爆监测的多物理场参数联合预警方法，可为岩爆监测提供更准确地预警信息。

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关键词 ：岩石力学, 巷道岩爆, 侧压, 物理场参数, 联合监测, 预警

Abstract：The rockburst of granite in roadway due to tectonic stress was studied experimentally and numerically. The intrinsic links among the visible light images，the acoustic emissions(AE) and the far-infrared radiations were investigated to reveal the characteristics and mechanisms of rockburst in roadway. The proneness index of rockburst of granite was found to have moderate values from 13.84 to 18.02. The physical parameters changed suddenly and greatly just prior to the occurring of rockburst due to energy dissipation. Debris were ejected out from the two sides of the tunnel. The higher the side pressure is，the stronger the rockburst is. There are at least two temperature jumps，one is the initial temperature anomaly and the other is at omen point of rockburst. The leap of b-value and the occurrence of a quiet period of AE is the precursor of large fracturing. In virtue of the results of statistical analysis，the sensitivity to rockburst of three monitoring methods，visible image，far infrared and AE are found to be in declining order. A variety of ways of monitoring the multiple physical parameters are required to provide more accurate early warning information of rockburst on account of the complexities of internal observations with the imaging method of visible light.

Key words： rock mechanics roadway rockburst lateral pressure parameters of physical field joint monitoring early warning

引用本文:

张艳博1，2，刘祥鑫1，2，梁正召3，李占金1，2. 基于多物理场参数变化的花岗岩巷道岩爆前兆模拟实验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2014, 33(7): 1347-1357.
ZHANG Yanbo1，2，LIU Xiangxin1，2，LIANG Zhengzhao3，LI Zhanjin1，2. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ROCKBURST PRECURSOR OF GRANITE TUNNEL BASED ON MULTI-PHYSICAL FIELD PARAMETERS. , 2014, 33(7): 1347-1357.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2014/V33/I7/1347

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