(1. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering，Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Wuhan，Hubei 430071，China；2. School of Civil Engineering，Wuhan University，Wuhan，Hubei 430072，China；3. Xi?an Research Institute，China Coal Technology and Engineering Group，Xi?an，Shaanxi 710054，China)
Abstract：The TBM excavation in deep stratum is a process of smooth and quasi-static unloading of high initial confining pressure. In order to reveal the deformation and failure characteristics of soft rock at deep ground under the condition of TBM tunnelling，triaxial unloading tests on sandy mudstone with different unloading rates were carried out. The pre-peak stress-strain curves under the condition of smooth and quasi-static unloading of confining pressure were found close to the ones obtained from the conventional triaxial compression test. At the yielding stage upon unloading，the specimens exhibit damage dilatation，the lateral deformation grows accelerated，resulting in a turning of the volumetric strain from shrinkage into dilatation. After the peak strength，the specimens slide along the fracture surface already formed to display the modest brittle drop of strength once or twice. Then a linear strain softening stage accompanied by multistage micro fractures occurs on the stress-strain curve with a line segment of a small slope as the confining pressure is continuously and slowly unloaded. The complete deformation process of unloading is composed of the elastic deformation，the damage dilation，the post-peak brittle drop，the linear strain softening and the residual stress period. The specimens display composite shear-tension failure macroscopically accompanied with axial splitting cracks during the process of smooth unloading. Many split cracks link and cross each other to form a shear band of a certain width. The rock in the shear band is squeezed and wears into the fine particles and the powder as a result of the interaction of axial extrusion and the shear stress along the shear plane.
黄 兴1，刘泉声1，2，刘恺德3，康永水1，刘学伟1. 深部软弱地层TBM掘进围岩变形破坏特性室内试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2015, 34(01): 76-92.
HUANG Xing1，LIU Quansheng1，2，LIU Kaide3，KANG Yongshui1，LIU Xuewei1. LABORATORY STUDY OF DEFORMATION AND FAILURE OF SOFT ROCK FOR DEEP GROUND TUNNELLING WITH TBM. , 2015, 34(01): 76-92.
刘泉声，黄 兴，时 凯，等. 煤矿超千米深部全断面岩石巷道掘进机的提出及关键岩石力学问题[J]. 煤炭学报，2012，37(12)：2 006-2 013.(LIU Quansheng，HUANG Xing，SHI Kai，et al. Utilization of full face roadway boring machine in coal mines deeper than 1 000 km and the key rock mechanics problems[J]. Journal of China Coal Society，2012，37(12)：2 006-2 013.(in Chinese))
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2015, Vol. 34 
