用SCDC试样测试岩石动态断裂韧度的新方法

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.02.007

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摘要利用大直径(?100 mm)分离式霍普金森压杆对大尺寸(150 mm×80 mm)压缩单裂纹圆孔板(SCDC)试样冲击加载，采用实验–数值–解析法测定了青砂岩的I型动态起裂韧度和动态扩展韧度。试样的起裂时刻和裂纹扩展速度由黏贴在裂尖附近的裂纹扩展计确定，通过对比发现，裂纹扩展计的准确性和灵敏性都比黏贴在同一试样对应位置的普通应变片更好。实验–数值–解析法根据实验数据获取试样两端的加载历程，利用有限元数值计算和普适函数的半解析修正，综合考虑材料惯性效应和裂纹扩展速度对动态应力强度因子的影响，较准静态方法更适于采用大尺寸试样确定岩石动态断裂韧度。实验–数值–解析法所确定的高加载率和高裂纹扩展速度下砂岩的动态断裂韧度值分别随动态加载率和裂纹扩展速度的提高而增加。最后，通过对SCDC试样裂纹扩展路径上应变片的断裂时间分析，确定了利用SCDC试样实现动态止裂的可能性。

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关键词 ：岩石力学, 压缩单裂纹圆孔板, 动态起裂韧度, 动态扩展韧度, 实验&ndash, 数值&ndash, 解析法, 裂纹扩展计, 普适函数

Abstract：The large size(150 mm×80 mm) and single cleavage drilled compression(SCDC) specimens were impacted by the large-diameter(?100 mm) split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)，and the dynamic toughness of fracture initiation and propagation of sandstone were determined using the experimental-numerical-analytical method. The time of crack initiation and the speed of crack propagating were sequentially measured with the crack propagation gauge(CPG) glued near the crack tip of the specimen，which were proved to be more accurate and sensitive than the ordinary strain gauges on the corresponding position for the same specimen. The experimental-numerical-analytical method considered the effect of inertia and the speed of crack propagation on the dynamic stress intensity factor with the finite element calculation and the semi-analytical modification for the determination of dynamic fracture toughness of rock and was more suitable than the quasi-static method. Both the dynamic toughness of crack initiation under the different dynamic loading rates and the dynamic toughness of crack propagation with different cracking speeds obtained with the experiment-numerical-analytical method were increased with the increasing of dynamic loading rate and cracking speed respectively. Finally，the possibility of achieving crack arrest using SCDC was discussed through analysis of cracking time of the strain gauges positioned on the path of crack propagation.

Key words： rock mechanics single cleavage drilled compression(SCDC) dynamic initiation toughness dynamic propagation toughness experimental- numerical-analytical method crack propagation gauge universal function

收稿日期: 2014-04-28

引用本文:

杨井瑞1，张财贵1，周妍1，朱哲明1，王启智1，2. 用SCDC试样测试岩石动态断裂韧度的新方法[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2015, 34(02): 279-292.
YANG Jingrui1，ZHANG Caigui1，ZHOU Yan1，ZHU Zheming1，WANG Qizhi1，2. A NEW METHOD FOR DETERMINING DYNAMIC FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF ROCK USING SCDC SPECIMENS. , 2015, 34(02): 279-292.

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http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.02.007 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2015/V34/I02/279

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