深埋隧洞板裂化围岩预应力锚杆锚固效应试验研究及机制分析

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.0726

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摘要采用高强石膏配制板裂化模型试样，选用铝棒制作预应力锚杆模型，通过一侧约束条件下的单轴压缩试验，研究板裂化模型试样的预应力锚杆锚固效应。试验结果表明：加锚试样的峰值强度、残余强度及弹性模量均有不同程度的提高，试样峰后侧向变形显著减小，且随着预应力值的增大效果更为显著；与无锚试件岩板压折、岩片弹射的失稳破坏现象相比，加锚试件保持了较好的完整性，局部发生岩板断裂、脱落现象；试样变形破坏过程中，锚杆轴向应力变化分为线性缓慢上升期、非线性增长期和急剧上升期3个阶段，锚杆轴向应力的变化规律反映了其自身工作机制及板裂化模型试样变形特征。分析锚固机制认为，预应力锚杆的施加不仅有效降低了预制裂隙尖端拉应力集中程度，体现出抑制裂隙扩展的止裂作用，而且将试样劈裂形成的岩板加固为整体，有效抑制了岩板向临空面的屈曲变形，进而提高了试样的临界失稳荷载值。最后，基于试验结果的认识，提出针对板裂化围岩的“及时支护、区域控制及重点加固”的锚喷支护控制策略。

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关键词 ：岩石力学, 板裂化, 预应力锚杆, 锚固效应

Abstract：Model specimens of slabbing failure were made by using high-strength gypsum and pre-stressed bolt model were made by aluminum bar，the reinforced effect of bolt on the model specimens is studied under the condition of one lateral side restraint uniaxial loading test. The results show that：the peak strength，residual strength and elastic modulus of reinforced specimens increase at different degree，the lateral deformation after peak strength decrease dramatically， the effect is more obvious with the increase of pre-stress of bolt；different with the bulcking failure of slabs and ejection of slices of the unstability destruction phenomenon of unreinforced specimens， the reinforced specimens remains better integrated with local breakage and fall off of slab；the change of the axial stress of bolt during the deformation of specimens can be divided into three stages：the linear slow growth stage，nonlinear growth stage and sharp rising stage，the change rule of the axial stress of bolt reflect its working mechanism and the deformation characteristics of the specimens. The anchoring mechanisms are analyzed：the applying of pre-stressed bolt not only effectively weaken the concentration effect of stress near crack tip，playing the role of restraining the propagation of pre-existing fissures but also significantly restrict the bulcking deformation of slabs by reinforcing the splitting rock slabs into a whole，playing the role of improving the critical buckling load values of the slabbing specimens. At last，based on the results and perceive of the experiments，a“timely supporting，regional control and key area reinforcement”anchor spray support control strategy is put forward against to the control of slabbing surrounding rock.

Key words： rock mechanics slabbing failure pre-stressed bolts anchoring effect

引用本文:

周辉，徐荣超，卢景景，张传庆，孟凡震，沈峥. 深埋隧洞板裂化围岩预应力锚杆锚固效应试验研究及机制分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2015, 34(06): 1081-1090.
ZHOU Hui，XU Rongchao，LU Jingjing，ZHANG Chuanqing，MENG Fanzhen，SHEN Zheng. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS AND MECHANISM ANALYSIS ON THE ANCHORING EFFECT OF PRE-STRESSED BOLT OF SLABBING SURROUNDING ROCK IN DEEP TUNNEL. , 2015, 34(06): 1081-1090.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.0726 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2015/V34/I06/1081

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