用于岩石微焦CT扫描的三轴仪及其初步应用

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.0979

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摘要了观察和度量岩石空隙结构随应力的变化，研制了一种能和微焦X射线CT系统配套使用的三轴仪，该设备轻便，能够施加三轴压力，并在不卸载压力情况下对试样进行CT扫描和渗透系数的测量，且能够实时记录压力和变形等数据。利用研制的CT三轴仪得到了Berea砂岩在加载过程中的一系列CT图像，结合3DMA空隙结构计算方法，获得了Berea砂岩在不同应力状态下的有效孔隙半径分布、有效喉道半径分布以及弯曲度分布等定量细观几何特征。同时采用瞬态脉冲法测量了Berea砂岩不同方向的渗透率随有效围压的变化规律。结合围压对细观空隙结构参数的影响，认为细观空隙结构的变化是导致渗透发生改变的根本原因，当有效围压从零增至15 MPa时，半径40～100 μm的孔隙数量减少、孔喉半径减小以及Z方向的迂曲度增加，这是导致Berea砂岩渗透率随有效围压增大而降低的主要原因。

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关键词 ：轴仪, Berea砂岩, 孔隙结构, 渗透率

Abstract：In order to observe and measure the rock void structure characteristics under different stress conditions，a triaxial test instrument which can work with micro focus X-Ray computerized tomograph was developed. The apparatus is lightweight. It can exert triaxial pressure on the rock specimen，and carry out CT scan and permeability measurement on the specimen without unloading pressure. Besides，it can record pressure and deformation in real time. Using this device，a series of CT images during triaxial loading process for Berea sandstone were generated. Combining with the 3DMA computational package for analyzing the void structure，some quantitative microscopic geometric characteristics of Berea sandstone in different stress states，such as effective pore radii size distribution，effective throat radii size distribution，and tortuosity distribution，have been obtained. The permeability of Berea sandstone in different directions under various effective confining pressures was measured with a transient pulse technique. Combining the permeability test result with the computed result about influence of confining pressure on microscopic void structure parameters，we can see that the change of microscopic void structure is the root cause of permeability change. When increasing the effective confining pressure from 0 to 15 MPa，the permeability reduction is caused by a decrease in the population of pores with a radius of 40–100 μm，decrease in the pore and throat radius，and increase in the tortuosity in the Z direction in stressed Berea sandstone.

Key words： computerized tomography triaxial test apparatus Berea sandstone pore structure permeability

引用本文:

李小春1，曾志姣1，石露1，高桥学2，白冰1. 用于岩石微焦CT扫描的三轴仪及其初步应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2015, 34(06): 7-7.
LI Xiaochun1 ，ZENG Zhijiao1，SHI Lu1，Takahashi Manabu2，BAI Bing1. TRIAXIAL APPARATUS FOR MICRO-FOCUS CT SCAN OF ROCK AND ITS PRELIMINARY APPLICATION. , 2015, 34(06): 7-7.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.0979 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2015/V34/I06/7

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