金属矿山地下开采引起岩体变形规律浅析

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.1303

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摘要地下金属矿山开采往往会引起周围岩体的不连续变形，地表变形监测与深部岩体变形监测是了解岩体变形的最直接、最有效的方法，也能为评价地表构筑物安全性提供依据。以金山店铁矿东区为例，依据近六年的监测数据，对矿体周围岩体变形规律进行了分析，并阐述了岩体变形程度与趋势。结果表明：在地下开采影响下，金山店铁矿东区采空区上方岩体发生冒落式塌陷；塌陷坑周边岩体在卸荷作用和采矿作用共同影响下发生拉裂、滑移；距离采空区较远的区域，地表呈现连续变形特征。根据不同的变形特征可以把岩体分为垂直冒落区、拉伸滑移区、变形移动区、微变区和未扰动区五个区域。其中，垂直冒落区和拉伸滑移区为不连续变形区，微变区和未扰动区为连续变形区，变形移动区为变形过渡区，位于不同区域的构筑物存在不同程度的破坏。在采矿作用下，变形移动区会逐渐向拉伸滑移区转变，从而使地表变形程度和范围逐步扩大。

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关键词 ：地下开采, 岩体变形分区, 岩体变形规律

Abstract：Underground metal mining often lead to discontinuous deform of the surrounding rock. Monitoring，whose result can provide a basis for evaluating the safety of surface structures，is the most direct and effective way to get rock deformation. Taking Eastern area of Jin Shandian Iron as an example，according to monitoring data nearly six years，the law of rock deformation surrounding iron can be got，so do the law of deformation degree and trend. It shows that rock above the mined-out area falling collapsed under the influence of underground mining at Eastern area of Jin Shandian Iron. And the rock around collapse pit cracked and slipped under the influence of unloading and mining while farther rock deformed continuously. Depending on the deformation characteristics，the rock can be divided into five zones，as：vertical caving zone， stretch-slip zone，deform-move zone，micro-deform zone and undisturbed zone. The first two zones are continuous deformed zones while the last two are discontinuous among them，and the rest is a transition zone. The deform-move zone will gradually turn into the stretch-slip zone under mining，which result in expanding of deformation degree and scope.

Key words： underground mining zoning of deformed rock law of rock deformation

引用本文:

付华，陈从新，夏开宗，邓洋洋. 金属矿山地下开采引起岩体变形规律浅析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2015, 34(09): 3-3.
FU Hua，CHEN Congxin，XIA Kaizong，DENG Yangyang. ANALYSIS BRIEFLY ABOUT THE LAW OF ROCK DEFORMATION CAUSED BY UNDERGROUND MINING OF METAL MINES. , 2015, 34(09): 3-3.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.1303 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2015/V34/I09/3

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