预应力锚杆锚固止裂效应的试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.0983

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摘要采用高强石膏制作含30°，45°，60°预制裂隙试样，通过室内单轴压缩试验研究预应力锚杆的锚固止裂效应。结果表明：与无锚试样相比，加锚试样的弹性模量、起裂强度、峰值强度及残余强度均有不同程度的提高，且随着锚杆预应力值的提高而增大；与30°及60°加锚试样相比，含45°倾角加锚试样锚固效应更为显著；预应力锚杆的作用不仅有效抑制了翼裂纹破裂面的张开变形，而且改变了次生裂纹的扩展模式；试样变形破坏过程中，锚杆轴向应力变化分为缓慢增长期、快速增长期、急剧上升期及减速增长期4个阶段，预应力提高，则锚杆轴向应力峰值相应增大。应用断裂力学理论分析锚固机制，加锚试样峰值强度前，预应力锚杆的作用体现在杆体抗拉形成的“轴压”锚固效应，而峰值强度后则是杆体抗剪切形成的“销钉”锚固效应与“轴压”锚固效应组合作用的结果。

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关键词 ：岩石力学, 预应力锚杆, 锚固止裂, 锚固机制

Abstract：Specimens with different angles of pre-existing fissures were made using the high-strength gypsum. The anchoring effect of the pre-stressed bolt on crack prevention was studied under uniaxial compression. The results showed that the elastic modulus，the crack initiation strength，the peak strength and the residual strength of anchored specimens increased to certain extent and increased with the increase of the pre-stress in bolt. The anchoring effect with the angle of 45 degree was more obvious than that of 30 degree and 60 degree. The pre-stressed bolt not only effectively restrained the separation of the failure planes of wing crack but also changed the expansion modes of the secondary crack. The change of the axial stress of bolt during the deformation of specimens was divided into four stages：the slow growth stage，the rapid growth stage，the sharp rising stage and the decelerated growth stage. The peak value of axial stress increased with the improvement of pre-stress of bolt. The anchoring mechanisms were analyzed with the theory of fracture mechanics. The role of the pre-stressed bolt played before peak strength was axial pressure and after peak strength was a combination of anti-shearing and axial pressure.

Key words： rock mechanics pre-stressed bolt anchoring effect on crack prevention anchoring mechanism

引用本文:

周辉1，徐荣超2，张传庆1，沈峥1，孟凡震1，刘海涛1. 预应力锚杆锚固止裂效应的试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2015, 34(10): 2027-2037.
ZHOU Hui1，XU Rongchao2，ZHANG Chuanqing1，SHEN Zheng1，MENG Fanzhen1，LIU Haitao1. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF CRACK PREVENTION EFFECT OF PRE-STRESSED BOLT ANCHORING. , 2015, 34(10): 2027-2037.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.0983 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2015/V34/I10/2027

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