含单裂纹真实岩石试件断裂模式的力学试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.0710

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摘要为研究岩石单裂纹试样断裂特性，通过在真实岩石试样中预制了45°单裂纹，基于MTS815.03电液伺服岩石试验机，进行围压分别为0，5，10 MPa的力学试验，分析围压对裂纹扩展断裂模式的影响规律，根据断裂力学理论建立裂纹扩展力学模型，基于最大径向剪应力准则获得次生裂纹理论起裂角。结果表明：(1) 裂纹初始断裂时具有明显的前兆信息，在全应力–应变曲线上表现为明显的应力降现象；(2) 试验结果中观察到了I型翼裂纹、II型反翼裂纹以及II型次生共面裂纹，试验中得翼裂纹起裂角为68°～73°，反翼倾斜裂纹起裂角为－119°～－125°，裂纹起裂角理论结果为0°，70.5°，－123.8°，试验结果与理论计算结果基本相符；(3) 起裂应力为峰值应力的90%～95%，细砂岩试样抗压强度峰值与围压存在较好的线性关系，拟合得?c = 2.69?3+61.9，相关系数R2 = 0.97；(4) 裂纹断裂具有明显的围压效应，围压为0 MPa时，断裂模式为翼裂纹和次生倾斜反翼裂纹，翼裂纹以弯曲路径扩展，扩展渐近线朝向轴向加载方向，反翼裂纹近直线扩展；围压为5 MPa时，试样为反翼裂纹断裂模式；围压为10 MPa时，试样为反翼裂纹与次生共面裂纹断裂模式。

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	刘伟韬1
	申建军2

关键词 ：岩石力学, 断裂模式, 应力降, 翼裂纹, 次生裂纹, 最大径向剪应力准则

Abstract：In order to study the fracturing characteristics of the rock with a single crack，mechanical test was carried out to the rock specimen with a single pre-existing crack inclined at 45° using the MTS815.03 electrohydraulic servo controlled rock pressure testing machine. The confining pressure of 0，5，10 MPa were separately applied to the rock specimen and the effect on the crack propagation as well as the fracturing mode was analysed. A crack propagation model was established and the secondary cracking angle was obtained based on the maximum radial shearing stress criterion. The obvious precursory information occurred before the initial crack and the obvious stress drop was shown on the stress-strain curve. Wing cracks，secondary coplanar cracks and secondary anti-wing cracks were observed in tests. The initiation angle of wing cracks are about 68°–73°，the inclined anti-wing crack angles are about －119°–－125°.. The calculated theoretical crack angles are 0°，70.5° and －123.8°respectively which are consistent with the test results. The initiation stress is 90%–95% of the peak stress. The compressive strength and the confining pressure of fine sandstone have a good linear relationship of ?c = 2.69?3+61.9 with R2 = 0.97. The confining pressure affected fracturing. The fracturing modes are wing crack and anti-wing crack under no confining pressure，anti-wing crack under 5 MPa of confining pressure，anti-wing crack and secondary coplanar crack under 10 MPa of confining pressure.

Key words： rock mechanics fracturing mode stress drop wing crack secondary crack maximum shear stress of radial direction

引用本文:

刘伟韬1，申建军2. 含单裂纹真实岩石试件断裂模式的力学试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2016, 35(6): 1182-1189.
LIU Weitao1，SHEN Jianjun2. Experimental study of propagation mode of crack in real rock#br# specimens with a single crack. , 2016, 35(6): 1182-1189.

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http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.0710 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2016/V35/I6/1182

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