Construction license mechanism of mountain tunnels based on inrush prediction of fracture zones
CAI Junhua1，2
(1. Faculty of Engineering，China University of Geosciences，Wuhan，Hubei 430074，China；2. Sanming Transport Construction Investment Co.，Ltd.，Sanming，Fujian 365000，China)
Abstract：Water inrush is a typical geologic hazard when the mountain tunnels pass through different fracture zones，and establishing the license mechanism of tunnel construction is an effective way to reduce the damage and to control risk. The license mechanism of tunnel construction is a risk control measure based on the water inflow forecast，geological prediction，plugging reinforcement measures，excavation method，construction management and comprehensive evaluation. Only when the risk of construction is within the acceptable category or the construction measures are adjusted to avoid the occurrence of disaster，the constructions will be permitted. A water inflow model was established to predict the possible water inflow when tunneling passed through the fracture zone. The scale，spatial distribution and rock characteristics of the fracture zone to be excavated in front of tunnel face were inspected accurately with the comprehensive advanced geological prediction system. The results of the geological inspection and water inflow prediction were combined with the proposed plugging reinforcement measures，excavation method，construction management and other factors together to form the evaluation index of construction license. The risk and safety of construction can be determined through the comprehensive evaluation method. This method was applied successfully to the Taining tunnel through the F2 fracture zone in construction and ensured the safety of the tunnel through the fracture zone.
蔡俊华1，2. 基于破碎带涌水预测的山岭隧道施工许可机制研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2017, 36(4): 964-976.
CAI Junhua1，2. Construction license mechanism of mountain tunnels based on inrush prediction of fracture zones. , 2017, 36(4): 964-976.
[1] 李术才，薛翊国，张庆松，等. 高风险岩溶地区隧道施工地质灾害综合预报预警关键技术研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2008，27(7)：1 297–1 307.(LI Shucai，XUE Yiguo，ZHANG Qingsong，et al. Key technology study on comprehensive prediction and early-warning of geological hazards during tunnel construction in high-risk karst areas[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2008，27(7)：1 297–1 307.(in Chinese))
[2] ZHANG G H，JIAO Y Y，WANG H. Outstanding issues in excavation of deep and long rock tunnels：a case study[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal，2014，51(9)：984–994.
[3] ZHANG G H，SONG L. A case study on treatment measures for a rock tunnel with inrush mud and sand gushing disaster[J]. Disaster Advances，2012，5(4)：1 451–1 457.
[4] HWANG J H，LU C C. A semi-analytical method for analyzing the tunnel water inflow[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology，2007，22(1)：39–46.
[5] 王建秀，朱合华，叶为民. 隧道涌水量的预测及其工程应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2004，23(7)：1 150–1 153.(WANG Jianxiu，ZHU Hehua，YE Weimin. Forward and inverse analyses of water flow into tunnels[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2004，23(7)：1 150–1 153.(in Chinese))
[6] 王 媛，王 飞，倪小东. 基于非稳定渗流随机有限元的隧洞涌水量预测[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2009，28(10)：1 986–1 994. (WANG Yuan，WANG Fei，NI Xiaodong. Prediction of water inflow in tunnel based on stochastic finite element of unsteady seepage[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2009，28(10)：1 986–1 994.(in Chinese))
[7] 李术才，袁永才，李利平，等. 钻爆施工条件下岩溶隧道掌子面突水机制及最小安全厚度研究[J]. 岩土工程学报，2015，37(2)：313–320.(LI Shucai，YUAN Yongcai，LI Liping，et al. Water inrush mechanism and minimum safe thickness of rock wall of karst tunnel face under blast excavation[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering，2015，37(2)：313–320.(in Chinese))
[8] 蒋建平，高广运，李晓昭，等. 隧道工程突水机制及对策[J]. 中国铁道科学，2006，27(5)：76–82.(JIANG Jianping，GAO Guangyun，LI Xiaozhao，et al. Mechanism and countermeasures of water- bursting in railroad tunnel engineering[J]. China Railway Science，2006，27(5)：76–82.(in Chinese))
[9] 许振浩，李术才，李利平，等. 基于层次分析法的岩溶隧道突水突泥风险评估[J]. 岩土力学，2011，32(6)：1 757–1 765.(XU Zhenhao，LI Shucai，LI Liping，et al. Risk assessment of water or mud inrush of karst tunnels based on analytic hierarchy process[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2011，32(6)：1 757–1 765.(in Chinese))
[10] 李利平，李术才，陈 军，等. 基于岩溶突涌水风险评价的隧道施工许可机制及其应用研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2011，30(7)：1 345–1 356.(LI Liping，LI Shucai，CHEN Jun，et al. Construction license mechanism and its application based on karst water inrush evaluation[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2011，30(7)：1 345–1 356.(in Chinese))
[11] BEAR J. Dynamics of fluids in porous media[M]. New York：Publishing Company Inc.，1972：21–22.
[12] MARSILY D G. Quantitative hydrogeology[M]. New York：Academic Press，1986：3–6.
[13] SHIN H S，KWON Y C，JUNG Y S，et al. Methodology for quantitative hazard assessment for tunnel collapses based on case histories in Korea[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2009，46(6)：1 072–1 087.
[14] ZHANG G H，JIAO Y Y，CHEN L B，et al. Analytical model for assessing collapse risk during mountain tunnel construction[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal，2016，53：326–342.
[15] ESKESEN S D，TENGBORG P，KAMPMANN J，et al. Guidelines for tunneling risk management：International Tunneling Association， Working Group No. 2[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology，2004，19(3)：217–237.
[16] KARWOWSKI W，MITAL A. Applications of Approximate Reasoning in Risk Analysis[J]. Advances in Human Factors/ ergonomics，1986，(6)：227–243.
[17] 张国华，陈礼彪，钱师雄，等. 大断面小净距大帽山隧道现场监控量测及分析[J]. 岩土力学，2010，31(2)：489–496.(ZHANG Guohua，CHEN Libiao，QIAN Shixiong，et al. On-site supervision measure and analysis of Damaoshan tunnels with large section and small clear-distance[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2010，31(4)：489–496.(in Chinese))
[18] 张国华，陈礼彪，夏 祥，等. 大断面隧道爆破开挖围岩损伤范围试验研究及数值计算[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2009，28(8)：1 610–1 619.(ZHANG Guohua，CHEN Libiao，XIA Xiang，et al. Numerical simulation and experimental study of damage range of surrounding rock in large tunnel under blasting excavating[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2009，28(8)：1 610–1 619.(in Chinese))
2017, Vol. 36 
