多功能岩石节理全剪切–渗流耦合试验系统研制与应用

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.0359

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摘要为了更真实地揭示应力–渗流条件下岩石节理的(长期)力学、渗流特性规律及其破坏机制，自主研制一套岩石节理全剪切–渗流耦合试验系统。试验系统主要由主机及伺服加载系统、渗流剪切盒及其密封系统、渗流伺服控制系统、数据测量和采集系统组成。该试验系统的主要创新性如下：(1) 自行设计并研制了独特的渗流剪切盒，解决了在3 MPa渗透压力下的节理剪切试验过程中，节理剪切位移达到节理试件长度的10%(20 mm)时节理上下剪切盒在运动过程中密封的关键技术难题；(2) 解决了用位移信号反馈控制荷载的伺服控制中交叉控制的技术难题，实现了岩石节理剪切试验的常法向刚度控制方式，使得研制的岩石节理全剪切–渗流耦合试验系统能进行常法向荷载、常法向位移、常法向刚度3种法向边界控制方式的剪切试验；(3) 设计并研制了可以测量大流量和微小流量的岩石节理渗流的流量测试系统，有效地解决了岩石节理渗流试验仪器大范围流量的测量难题；(4) 开发了岩石节理全剪切–渗流耦合试验稳压及压差控制系统，解决了在节理试样的进水端和出水端渗透压力差的稳定和可控性问题；(5) 设计并研制了可以进行准静态下试验的液压伺服加载系统和蠕变状态下试验的电机伺服加载系统，使得研制的岩石节理全剪切–渗流耦合试验系统既能进行准静态下也能进行蠕变状态下的相应试验。通过开展不同应力边界条件下的剪切–渗流耦合试验，验证了该系统的准确性和可靠性。试验系统为高渗透水压下的节理剪切–渗流耦合性质的基础研究提供了设备支撑，对促进我国节理力学和水力学特性基础前沿研究起到积极推动作用。

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	夏才初1
	2
	钱鑫1
	2
	桂洋1
	2
	庄小清1
	2
	喻强锋1
	2
	张亮3

关键词 ：岩石力学, 岩石节理, 剪切渗流, 高渗透压力, 常法向刚度

Abstract：A novel multi-functional shear-flow coupled test system for rock joints was developed to reveal the (long term) mechanical properties，flow laws and failure mechanism for rock joints. The test system is mainly consisted of four parts：a host frame and servo loading system，a shear-flow box and sealing system，a seepage servo control system，a data measurement and acquisition system. The dynamic sealing problem of coupled shear-flow tests with 10% shear displacement(20 mm) of joint length under the water pressure of 3 MPa was settled. The loading methods of constant normal stress，constant normal displacement and constant normal stiffness can be implemented. The electronic balance and flow meter were used together to solve the problem of wide-range flow measurement. The pressure stabilizing system and differential pressure control system were developed to keep the water pressure constant in the water inlet and outlet. A hydraulic servo loading system under quasi static condition and a motor servo loading system under creep condition were designed to accomplish the corresponding experiments. The hydro-mechanical coupling experiments under three stress boundary conditions were performed to certify the accuracy and reliability of the test system.

Key words： rock mechanics rock joints shear-flow high seepage pressure constant normal stiffness

引用本文:

夏才初1，2，钱鑫1，2，桂洋1，2，庄小清1，2，喻强锋1，2，张亮3. 多功能岩石节理全剪切–渗流耦合试验系统研制与应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2018, 37(10): 2219-2231.
XIA Caichu1，2，QIAN Xin1，2，GUI Yang1，2，ZHUANG Xiaoqing1，2，YU Qiangfeng1，2，ZHANG Liang3. A novel multi-functional shear-flow coupled test system for rock joints and its application. , 2018, 37(10): 2219-2231.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.0359 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2018/V37/I10/2219

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