基于GZZ强度准则考虑应变软化特性的深埋隧道弹塑性解

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.0611

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摘要基于三维非线性Hoek-Brown强度准则(GZZ强度准则)，提出考虑应变软化特性的圆形隧道开挖后围岩非线性力学响应的求解方法。该强度准则不仅继承了传统二维Hoek-Brown准则的优点，并可以考虑中主应力的影响。根据经典弹塑性理论采用数值方法得到考虑应变软化特性的围岩应力、应变、位移及塑性区范围的解答。计算结果表明，传统二维Hoek-Brown强度准则低估了围岩的变形能力。与之相比，采用考虑中主应力影响的GZZ强度准则计算得到的塑性区和软化区半径及围岩应变值更大。围岩最大环向应力位于弹–塑性区边界处，从软化区向流动区过渡过程中围岩的环向应力曲线斜率发生了突变。在塑性软化区内，围岩应变值相对较小而应力值较大；在塑性流动区内，围岩的应力值相对较小，但其应变值非常大，流动区围岩的应变值可达软化区应变值的数十倍。塑性区围岩的软化可以使隧道洞壁附近的围岩应力减小，但会使其变形大大增加。当支护压力较小时，软化作用会使围岩变形增加数倍甚至数十倍。同样，在保证洞壁收敛变形不变的条件下，围岩软化后所需的支护反力会增加数倍甚至数十倍。在高地应力地区，围岩的软化使导致隧道发生大变形破坏的关键原因。在隧道支护结构设计计算时适当考虑围岩的应变软化特征，对于避免隧道发生大变形破坏十分重要。

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	夏才初1
	徐晨1
	刘宇鹏1
	韩常领2

关键词 ：隧道工程, 深埋隧道, GZZ强度准则, 应变软化, 有限差分法, 隧道大变形

Abstract：An approach for simulating the nonlinear response of surrounding rock was employed to analyze the excavation of circular tunnels in strain-softening rock masses. The proposed procedure was implemented in a finite element code based on the classical theory of plasticity in which the three-dimensional nonlinear Hoek- Brown strength criterion(GZZ strength criterion) is employed. This criterion not only inherits the advantages of the two-dimensional Hoek-Brown strength criterion but also can take account of the influence of the intermediate principal stress. The stress，strain，displacement and plastic zone in surrounding rock were solved with the numerical method according to the classical elastic-plastic theory. The traditional two-dimensional Hoek-Brown strength criterion was found to underestimate the deformation of surrounding rock. The calculated radii of plastic zone and softening zone in surrounding rock and the maximum strain in tunnel wall with GZZ strength criterion are much larger than those calculated with the traditional two-dimensional Hoek-Brown strength criterion. The maximum circumferential stress is located at the elastic-plastic boundary. The gradient of circumferential stress in the plastic zone is sharply changed，which shows the transition from the softening region to the residual region. In the softening region，the radial and circumferential strains in surrounding rock are relatively small. In the residual region，the stresses are relatively small，but the strains can reach scores of times of those in the softening region. The strain-softening behavior of rock masses reduces the ground stress near the tunnel wall in the plastic zone，but the tunnel deformation was greatly increased at the same time. When the internal supporting pressure is small，the deformation in the surrounding rock may increase scores of times due to the effect of strain-softening behavior. Similarly，under the same convergence deformation，the internal supporting pressure may increase scores of times due to the effect of strain-softening behavior. Therefore，the strain-softening behavior of the surrounding rock is the key to the large deformation of tunnel in the high stress area. It is critical to consider properly the strain-softening behavior of the surrounding rock in the design and calculation of the tunnel supporting structure.

Key words： tunnelling engineering deep buried tunnel GZZ strength criterion strain-softening behaviour finite difference method large deformation of tunnel

引用本文:

夏才初1，徐晨1，刘宇鹏1，韩常领2. 基于GZZ强度准则考虑应变软化特性的深埋隧道弹塑性解[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2018, 37(11): 2468-2477.
XIA Caichu1，XU Chen1，LIU Yupeng1，HAN Changling2. Elastoplastic solution of deep buried tunnel considering strain-softening characteristics based on GZZ strength criterion. , 2018, 37(11): 2468-2477.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.0611 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2018/V37/I11/2468

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