层状复合岩体冲击动力学特性试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.0021

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摘要为探究岩石工程中较为常见的层状复合岩体的动态力学性能，采用波阻抗差别较大的红砂岩和灰砂岩“拼接”成层状复合岩体试样，利用分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)试验系统，分别对灰砂岩靠近入射杆和红砂岩靠近入射杆2种情况进行不同冲击速度下的冲击压缩试验，对比研究应力波由硬入软和由软如硬2种情况下复合岩体应力波传播特征、动态应力–应变关系以及能量耗散规律。理论分析复合岩体的受力特征和强度条件，同时结合超高速数字图像相关(DIC)试验系统对复合岩体的破坏特征进行研究。研究结果表明：(1) 复合岩体的动态力学特性及能量耗散规律均具有明显的应变率效应。(2) 相同冲击速度下，受波阻抗匹配关系影响，应力波由硬入软和由软入硬时复合岩体动力学特性差异性明显。但是随着冲击速度的增大，两者之间的差异逐渐减小，趋于一致。(3) 复合岩体两部分岩石破坏程度和破坏形式明显不同。波阻抗小的红砂岩破坏程度较波阻抗大的灰砂岩更为剧烈。红砂岩以剪切破坏为主，且交界层面处红砂岩后于其他区域红砂岩发生破坏；灰砂岩以张拉破坏为主，高速下产生局部剪切破坏，且交界层面处灰砂岩先于其他区域灰砂岩发生破坏。

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	杨仁树1
	2
	李炜煜1
	3
	方士正1
	3
	朱晔1
	3
	李永亮1
	3

关键词 ：岩石力学, 层状复合岩体, SHPB, DIC, 波阻抗, 应力波, 能量耗散

Abstract：In order to explore the dynamic mechanical properties of layered composite rocks which are common in rock engineering，layered composite rock samples spliced by red and gray sandstones were prepared. Impact compression tests in two cases of gray sandstone and red sandstone near the incident bar at different impact velocities were carried out using split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) test system，and the stress wave propagation characteristics，dynamic stress-strain relationship and energy dissipation law of composite rock mass in two cases were studied and compared. The stress characteristics and strength conditions of composite rock mass were analyzed theoretically，and the failure characteristics of composite rock mass were studied by using ultra-high speed digital image correlation(DIC) test system. The results show that the dynamic mechanical properties and energy dissipation laws of composite rock mass have obvious strain rate effect. At the same impact velocity， the dynamic characteristics of composite rock mass in the case of the stress wave propagating from the hard to the soft are obviously different from those in the case of the stress wave propagating from the soft to the hard due to the matching relationship of the wave impedance. However，the difference gradually decreases and tends to be zero with increasing the impact velocity. It is also shown that the failure degree and failure form of the two parts of composite rock are obviously different. The damage degree of the red sandstone with relatively small wave impedance is more severe than that of the gray sandstone. The red sandstone mainly shows shear failure，and the failure of the part at the boundary layer legs other regions. For the gray sandstone，tensile failure is dominant and local shear failure occurs at a high impact velocity，and the part at the boundary layer fails earlier than other regions.

Key words： rock mechanics layered composite rock SHPB DIC wave impedance stress wave energy dissipation

引用本文:

杨仁树1，2，李炜煜1，3，方士正1，3，朱晔1，3，李永亮1，3. 层状复合岩体冲击动力学特性试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2019, 38(9): 1747-1757.
YANG Renshu1，2，LI Weiyu1，3，FANG Shizheng1，3，ZHU Ye1，3，LI Yongliang1，3. Experimental study on impact dynamic characteristics of layered composite rocks. , 2019, 38(9): 1747-1757.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.0021 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2019/V38/I9/1747

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