Abstract：Based on several typical high dams in China，the grading characteristics of rockfill and gravel were analyzed，and soil grade reasonable scale method of the super-diameter coarse particles was studied combined with the indoor relative density test and large compression test of Dashixia and Changheba dam materials. The results show that Weibull model can well reflect the gradation and fractal characteristics of dam coarse-grained soils and that common scale methods such as knockout method，equal replacement method and similar grading method can be expressed by a unified grading scale formula to accurately calculate the scale test gradation based on Weibull grading model. Using the critical P5 value corresponding to the optimal particle filling relationship as the condition of the similar scale method instead of less than 5 mm particle mass percentage P5 not more than 15% recommended by codes，the scale test error due to excessive use of the mixing method can be avoided and the scale grading“sanding”problem can also be eliminated. At the same time，the geometric similarity of the grading can be ensured and the accuracy of the scale test results can be improved effectively. For the super-diameter coarse-grained soil with different distribution types，based on the property of the critical fractal dimension Dc independent of the maximum particle size，the critical P5 value can be calculated by the fractal grading formula and the corresponding grading scale method can be directly selected according to the parameters of the original graded soil. The research results can be used for the scale test of super-diameter coarse-grained soil and have strong application value.
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2019, Vol. 38 
