Abstract:In order to study the effects of non-coplanar overlapping flaw inclination on the axial stress,elastic strain energy and local stress field of rock-like specimens under uniaxial compression,numerical simulation adopting particle flow numerical analysis software PFC2D was carried out based on the actual parameters of existing rock-like samples. The results show that the compressive strength of the rock sample increases with increasing the dip angle of the flaws. When the dip angle of the flaw is small,the sample has obvious plastic deformation during uniaxial compression and the energy release rate is large in the strain softening stage. In the case of a large dip angle of the flaw,the sample shows obvious elastic brittleness and large energy storage capacity. Analysis of the local stress field of the flaws indicates that the minimum principal stress field obviously changes with the axial strain. The large stress drop is related to the accelerating propagation of the cracks. The minimum principal stress filed can be classified into three different types according to the variation of the stress field. In the early stage of loading,the minimum principal stress of the upper and lower sides of the flaws is tension stress. With increasing the dip angle of the flaws,the stress concentration decreases,the tension zone is transferred to the tip of the flaws and the area is gradually reduced. The tensile stress gradually disappears after the flaw is cracked. Although the stress concentration near the tip of the flaw is high in the early stage of loading,the two-dimensional compressive stress state makes the crack initiation of the region relatively difficult.
[1] BOBET A,EINSTEIN H H. Fracture coalescence in rock-type material under uniaxial and biaxial compression[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1998,35(7):863–888.
[2] PARK C H,BOBET A. Crack coalescence in specimens with open and closed flaws:A comparison[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2009,46(5):819–829.
[3] BOBET A. Fracture Coalescence in rock materials:experimental observations and numerical predictions[M. S. Thesis][D]. Cambridge,Massachusetts:Massachusetts Institute of Technology,1997.
[4] WONG L N Y,EINSTEIN H H. Crack coalescence in molded gypsum and carrara marble:Part 1. Macroscopic observations and interpretation[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2009,42(3):475–511.
[5] WONG L N Y,EINSTEIN H H. Systematic evaluation of cracking behavior in specimens containing single flaws under uniaxial compression[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2009,46(2):239–249.
[6] WONG R H C,CHAU K T. Crack coalescence in a rock-like material containing two cracks[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1998,35(2):147–164.
[7] LEE H,JEON S. An experimental and numerical study of fracture coalescence in pre-cracked specimens under uniaxial compression[J]. International Journal of Solids and Structures,2011,48(6):979–999.
[8] YANG S Q,LIU X R,JING H W. Experimental investigation on fracture coalescence behavior of red sandstone containing two unparallel fissures under uniaxial compression[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2013,63:82–92.
[9] AFOLAGBOYE L O,HE J,WANG S. Experimental study on cracking behavior of moulded gypsum containing two non-parallel overlapping flaws under uniaxial compression[J]. Acta Mechanica Sinica,2017,33(2):394–405.
[10] 李德行,王恩元,李 楠,等. 单轴压缩下宏观裂纹倾角对煤体特性影响研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(增1):3 206–3 213. (LI Dexing,WANG Enyuan,LI Nan,et al. Influence of macroscopic crack inclination on coal mass characteristics under uniaxial compression[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(Supp.1):3 206–3 213.(in Chinese))
[11] 朱振飞,陈国庆,肖宏跃,等. 基于声发射多参量分析的岩桥裂纹扩展研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2018,37(4):909–918.(ZHU Zhenfei,CHEN Guoqing,XIAO Hongyue,et al. Study on crack growth of rock bridge based on acoustic emission multi-parameter analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2018,37(4):909–918.(in Chinese))
[12] 宋彦琦,李 名,王 晓,等. 基于高速摄影的双预制裂纹大理岩加卸载试验[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增1):2 679–2 689. SONG Yanqi,LI Ming,WANG Xiao,et al. Loading and unloading test of double prefabricated cracked marble based on high-speed photography[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(Supp.1):2 679–2 689.(in Chinese))
[13] 宋彦琦,李 名,王 晓,等. 基于高速摄影的单预制裂纹大理岩加卸载试验[J]. 中国矿业大学学报,2014,43(5):773–781.(SONG Yanqi,LI Ming,WANG Xiao,et al. Loading and unloading test of single- crack marble based on high-speed photography[J]. Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2014,43(5):773–781.(in Chinese))
[14] 乐慧琳,孙少锐. 注浆材料和预制裂纹缺陷角度对类岩石试件单轴抗压强度及破坏模式的影响[J]. 岩土力学,2018,39(增1):211–219.(LE Huilin,SUN Shaorui. Influence of grouting material and prefabricated crack defect angle on uniaxial compressive strength and failure mode of rock-like specimen[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(Supp.1):211–219.(in Chinese))
[15] TANG C. Numerical simulation of progressive rock failure and associated seismicity[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1997,34(2):249–261.
[16] TANG C A,WONG R H C,CHAU K T,et al. Analysis of crack coalescence in rock-like materials containing three flaws—part II. Numerical approach[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2001,38(7):925–939.
[17] BOBET A,EINSTEIN H H. Numerical modeling of fracture coalescence in a model rock material[J]. International Journal of Fracture,1998,92(3):221–252.
[18] ZHANG X P,LIU Q,WU S,et al. Crack coalescence between two non-parallel flaws in rock-like material under uniaxial compression[J]. Engineering Geology,2015,199:74–90.
[19] ZHANG X P,WONG L N Y. Cracking processes in rock-like material containing a single flaw under uniaxial compression:A numerical study based on parallel bonded-particle model approach[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2012,45(5):711–737.
[20] 蒋明镜,陈 贺,张 宁,等. 含双裂隙岩石裂纹演化机制的离散元数值分析[J]. 岩土力学,2014,35(11):3 259–3 268.(JIANG Mingjing,CHEN He,ZHANG Ning,et al. Discrete element numerical analysis of the evolution mechanism of rock cracks with double fractures[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(11):3 259–3 268.(in Chinese))
[21] 黄彦华,杨圣奇. 非共面双裂隙红砂岩宏细观力学行为颗粒流模拟[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(8):1 644–1 653. (HUANG Yanhua,YANG Shengqi. Particle flow simulation of macroscopic and microscopic behavior of non-coplanar double-fissure red sandstone[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(8):1 644–1 653.(in Chinese))
[22] CHO N,MARTIN C D,SEGO D C. A clumped particle model for rock[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2007,44(7):997–1 010.