非饱和膨胀岩饱和度及胀缩特性试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.0579

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摘要膨胀岩变形破坏导致的工程灾害时有发生，深入研究膨胀岩的变形破坏机制很有必要。通过室内膨胀及收缩试验，并结合吸力理论，对南宁非饱和强膨胀岩原状样饱和度及胀缩特性进行研究，探讨膨胀岩胀缩变形机制。膨胀试验分为不同初始含水率下的无荷载膨胀率试验和不同垂直荷载下的有荷膨胀率试验，收缩试验在试样充分饱和后自然风干条件下进行。研究结果表明：非饱和膨胀岩吸水膨胀过程中，无荷载及荷载小于膨胀力条件下，饱和度和膨胀率均呈三阶段模式增长，前者饱和度和膨胀率之间呈指数渐进递增关系，后者饱和度和膨胀率之间呈非线性增长趋势，膨胀率变化均滞后于饱和度，即先达到饱和状态；等于膨胀力的有荷载膨胀时，膨胀岩吸水体积不变但饱和度变化直至饱和状态；膨胀岩吸水初期饱和度变化趋势受初始含水率影响，缩限附近的初始含水率的影响尤其显著，膨胀稳定后的饱和度对上覆荷载不敏感；收缩试验的饱和度呈三阶段衰减模式发展，饱和度与线缩率间呈负相关关系；对南宁非饱和膨胀岩，饱和度在80%～90%时，主要发生饱和度变化。研究成果可为合理构建膨胀岩胀缩本构模型提供科学依据，也可为非饱和膨胀岩工程稳定性的评估提供参考。

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	范秋雁1
	梁昕2
	韩进仕1

关键词 ：岩石力学, 非饱和膨胀岩, 胀缩特性, 饱和度, 室内试验

Abstract：The engineering disasters caused by deformation and failure of expansive rocks occur frequently，and disaster-inducing mechanisms need to be further studied. In the present study，through indoor swelling and shrinkage tests and combined with the suction theory，the saturation and swelling-shrinkage characteristics of unsaturated and undisturbed strong expansive rock in Nanning were studied. The swelling rate tests were performed in both cases of different initial moisture contents without vertical load and different vertical loads，and the shrinkage tests were carried out under the condition that the samples are sufficiently saturated and naturally dried. The research results indicate that，during the process of water absorption and swelling of the unsaturated expansive rock，both the saturation and the swelling rate show three-stage growth for two cases of no vertical load and the vertical load less than the expansive force，that the relationships between the saturation and the swelling rate of the two cases are respectively exponential and non-linear，and that the variation of the swelling rate lags behind that of the saturation，i.e.，the expansive rock reaches saturation state first. When the vertical load is equal to the expansive force，the expansive rock absorbs water and reaches saturation state without volume variation. The variation tendency of the saturation of the expansive rock is influenced by the initial water content at the initial stage of water absorption，especially near the shrinkage limit，but the saturation after swelling stabilization is insensitive to the vertical load. It is also shown that，during the shrinkage process of initial saturated expansive rock，the saturation develops in a three-stage attenuation mode and there is a negative correlation between the saturation and the linear shrinkage. For unsaturated expansive rocks in Nanning area，the saturation changes while the swelling-shrinkage deformation almost keeps constant when the saturation is in the range of 80% and 90%. The corresponding research results can provide a scientific basis for reasonable construction of swelling-shrinkage constitutive model of expansive rocks and a guide for the evaluation of the stability of unsaturated expansive rock engineering.

Key words： rock mechanics unsaturated expansive rock expansion and shrinkage characteristics saturation indoor experiment

引用本文:

范秋雁1，梁昕2，韩进仕1. 非饱和膨胀岩饱和度及胀缩特性试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(1): 45-56.
FAN Qiuyan1，LIANG Xin2，HAN Jinshi1. #br# Experimental study on saturation and swelling-shrinkage characteristics of unsaturated expansive rocks#br#. , 2020, 39(1): 45-56.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.0579 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2020/V39/I1/45

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