高地应力软岩隧道长、短锚杆联合支护技术研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.0426

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摘要基于考虑应变软化特性的深埋隧道弹塑性解，采用锚杆中性点理论，系统地分析高地应力软岩隧道短锚杆支护失效机制，并论证高地应力软岩隧道中对锚杆长度进行加长的必要性：一方面增大锚固段的围压以提高黏结强度，另一方面增大锚杆头部和尾部处的围岩位移差以提高锚杆对围压的锚固效用。将高密度支护模式的短锚杆等效为复合岩体，同时将长锚杆对围岩的锚固作用考虑为作用在隧道洞壁处的等效支护力，建立隧道长、短锚杆联合支护力学模型，考虑锚杆和围岩的相互作用，得到长、短锚杆联合支护后的围岩特征曲线。通过对比每延米隧道锚杆用量相同情况下，普通短锚杆支护和长、短锚杆联合支护状态下的围岩特征曲线，说明了长、短锚杆联合支护策略对高地应力软岩隧道变形控制的有效性。该长、短锚杆联合支护力学模型考虑了长锚杆与围岩的相互作用，为高地应力软岩隧道长锚杆支护长度的设计提供了一种计算方法。

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	刘宇鹏1
	夏才初1
	吴福宝2
	徐晨1
	邓云纲2

关键词 ：岩石力学, 高地应力, 软岩隧道, 锚杆, 长锚杆, 失效机制

Abstract：Based on the elastoplastic solution of deep buried tunnels considering strain-softening characteristics，the failure mechanism of short bolt support in soft rock tunnels under high ground stresses is analyzed by means of neutral point theory of bolts，and the necessity of lengthening the bolts in soft rock tunnels under high ground stresses is demonstrated. On one hand，the increase of the confining pressure on the anchor section can improve the bonding strength between the rock and the bolt，on the other hand，the enhancement of the difference of the surrounding rock displacements at the head and end of the bolt helps to improve the anchoring effect of the bolt to the surrounding rock. By taking the supporting body with intensive short bolts as composite rock mass and the support of long bolts as an equivalent support force acting on the tunnel wall，a combined support model of long and short bolts is established. The characteristic curve of the surrounding rock supported by long and short bolts is obtained by considering the interaction between the bolts and the surrounding rock. Comparison between the characteristic curves of the surrounding rocks，respectively reinforced by short bolts and the combined support technology of long and short bolts with the same amount of bolts per meter of the tunnel，illustrates the effectiveness of the combined support technology for deformation control of soft rock tunnels under high ground stresses. The combined support technology of long and short bolts，considering the interaction between long bolts and the surrounding rock，provides a calculation method for the support length of long bolts in soft rock tunnels under high ground stresses.

Key words： rock mechanics high ground stresses soft rock tunnels bolts long bolts failure mechanism

引用本文:

刘宇鹏1，夏才初1，吴福宝2，徐晨1，邓云纲2. 高地应力软岩隧道长、短锚杆联合支护技术研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(1): 105-114.
LIU Yupeng1，XIA Caichu1，WU Fubao2，XU Chen1，DENG Yungang2. A combined support technology of long and short bolts of#br# soft rock tunnels under high ground stresses#br#. , 2020, 39(1): 105-114.

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http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.0426 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2020/V39/I1/105

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