Experimental research on the transport characteristics of particles in saturated sand：temperature effect
CUI Xianze1，2，FAN Yong1，WANG Hongxing2，HUANG Shibing3
(1. College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering，China Three Gorges University，Yichang，Hubei 443002，China；2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation，China Three Gorges University，Yichang，Hubei 443002，China；3. School of Resources and Environmental Engineering，Wuhan University of Science and Technology，Wuhan，Hubei 440081，China)
Abstract：In order to study the effect of temperature on the particles transport in saturated sand，a self-developed sand layer transportation，deposition testing system was adopted，and two kinds of tests(i.e.，transport tests of particles in porous medium under different temperatures，and transport tests of particles in porous medium under variational temperatures) were conducted. Four size compositions and four typical temperatures(i.e.，5 ℃，15 ℃，25 ℃ and 35 ℃) were adopted in our study. The results shown that，when the flow rate is constant，the peak of relative concentration will decrease with the temperature increases，while the pore volume at the peak of relative concentration will increase. Meanwhile，the peak of relative concentration will decrease with the flow rate increases，while the pore volume at the peak of relative concentration will increase. The change of temperature can affect the process of particles transport in porous medium observably. Compared to the contrast group，the relative concentration and the concentration of particles will decrease when the temperature increases，and the falling range will increase as the change of temperature get earlier. We also find a hysteresis phenomenon in the breakthrough curves when temperature changes，and the smaller particles are more sensitive to the change of temperature. Water viscosity，absorption，kinetic energy of particles and surface potential can all affect the transport process of particles under the effect of temperature，while the main controlling factor will change as the test condition changes.
崔先泽1，2，范 勇1，汪洪星2，黄诗冰3. 饱和砂层中颗粒迁移特性试验研究：温度效应[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2019, 38(S2): 3726-3734.
CUI Xianze1，2，FAN Yong1，WANG Hongxing2，HUANG Shibing3. Experimental research on the transport characteristics of particles in saturated sand：temperature effect. , 2019, 38(S2): 3726-3734.
[1] KANDULA M. On the effective thermal conductivity of porous packed beds with uniform spherical particles[J]. Journal of Porous Media，2011，14(10)：1–15.
[2] BEDRIKOVETSKY P，SIQUEIRA F D，FURTADO C A，et al. Modified particle detachment model for colloidal transport in porous media[J]. Transport in Porous Media，2011，86(2)：353–383.
[3] BEAR J，BACHMAT Y. Introduction to modeling of transport phenomena in porous media[M]. Dordrecht：Springer Science and Business Media，2012：3–7.
[4] DIERSCH H J G. FEFLOW：finite element modeling of flow，mass and heat transport in porous and fractured media[M]. Dordrecht：Springer Science and Business Media，2013：3–14.
[5] CHEN X，BAI B. Experimental investigation and modeling of particulate transportation and deposition in vertical and horizontal flows[J]. Hydrogeology Journal，2015，23(2)：365–375.
[6] 蒋思晨，白 冰. 悬浮颗粒形状对其在多孔介质中迁移和沉积特性的影响[J]. 岩土力学，2018，39(6)：2 043–2 051.(JIANG Sichen，BAI Bing. Influence of particle shape on the suspended particle transport and deposition in porous media[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2018，39(6)：2 043–2 051.(in Chinese))
[7] BENNACER L，AHFIR N D，BOUANANI A，et al. Suspended particles transport and deposition in saturated granular porous medium：particle size effects[J]. Transport in Porous Media，2013，100(3)：377–392.
[8] AHFIR N D，HAMMADI A，ALEM A，et al. Porous media grain size distribution and hydrodynamic forces effects on transport and deposition of suspended particles[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences，2017，53：161–172.
[9] BAI B，LONG F，RAO D，et al. The effect of temperature on the seepage transport of suspended particles in a porous medium[J]. Hydrological Processes，2017，31(2)：382–393.
[10] IMRAN H M，AKIB S，KARIM M R. Permeable pavement and storm water management systems：a review[J]. Environmental technology，2013，34(18)：2 649–2 656.
[11] LIN Y，CHEAH L K J，PHAN-THIEN N，et al. Effect of temperature on rheological behavior of kaolinite and bentonite suspensions[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A：Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects，2016，506：1–5.
[12] GARCIA-GARCIA S，WOLD S，JONSSON M. Effects of temperature on the stability of colloidal montmorillonite particles at different pH and ionic strength[J]. Applied Clay Science，2009，43(1)：21–26.
[13] ROSENBRAND E，KJ?LLER C，RIIS J F，et al. Different effects of temperature and salinity on permeability reduction by fines migration in Berea sandstone[J]. Geothermics，2015，53：225–235.
[14] CUI X Z，LIU Q，ZHANG C，et al. Land subsidence due to groundwater pumping and recharge：considering the particle-deposition effect in ground-source heat-pump engineering[J]. Hydrogeology Journal，2018，26(3)：789–802.
[15] CUI X Z，LIU Q，ZHANG C. Detachment characteristics of deposited particles in porous medium：experimentation and modeling[J]. Transport in Porous Media，2017，119(3)：633–647.
[16] LIU Q，CUI X，ZHANG C，et al. Experimental investigation of suspended particles transport through porous media：particle and grain size effect[J]. Environmental Technology，2016，37(7)：854–864.
[17] 刘泉声，崔先泽，张程远. 多孔介质中悬浮颗粒迁移–沉积特性研究进展[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2015，34(12)：2 410–2 427.(LIU Quansheng，CUI Xianze，ZHANG Chengyuan，et al. Research advances in the characterization of transportation and deposition of suspended particles in porous media[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2015，34(12)：2 410–2 427.(in Chinese))
[18] 刘泉声，崔先泽，张程远，等. 多孔介质中沉积颗粒脱离特性试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报，2015，37(4)：747–754.((LIU Quansheng，CUI Xianze，ZHANG Chengyuan，et al，et al. Experimental research on release characteristics of deposited particles in porous media[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering，2015，37(4)：747–754.(in Chinese))
[19] NGUYEN C T，DESGRANGES F，ROY G，et al. Temperature and particle-size dependent viscosity data for water-based nanofluids- hysteresis phenomenon[J]. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow，2007，28(6)：1 492–1 506.
[20] 周志芳，王锦国. 地下水动力学[M]. 北京：科学出版社，2013：2.(ZHOU Zhifang，WANG Jinguo. Groundwater dynamics[M]. Beijing：Science Press，2013：2.(in Chinese))
[21] ALOISI I，JAND N，STENDARDO S，et al. Hydrogen by sorption enhanced methane reforming：A grain model to study the behavior of bi-functional sorbent-catalyst particles[J]. Chemical Engineering Science，2016，149：22–34.
[22] KAMRANI S，REZAEI M，KORD M，et al. Transport and retention of carbon dots(CDs) in saturated and unsaturated porous media：Role of ionic strength，pH，and collector grain size[J]. Water Research，2018，133：338–347.
[23] ADAMCZYK Z，WERO?SKI P. Application of the DLVO theory for particle deposition problems[J]. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science，1999，83(1–3)：137–226.
[24] XU S，QI J，CHEN X，et al. Coupled effect of extended DLVO and capillary interactions on the retention and transport of colloids through unsaturated porous media[J]. Science of the Total Environment，2016，573：564–572.
[25] HAHN M W，O?MELIA C R. Deposition and entrainment of Brownian particles in porous media under unfavorable chemical conditions：Some concepts and applications[J]. Environmental Science and Technology，2004，38(1)：210–220.
[26] ZHENG Z C，HE S Q，WU F Q. Changes of soil surface roughness under water erosion process[J]. Hydrological Processes，2014，28(12)：3 919–3 929.
[27] CAO T，TREFALT G，BORKOVEC M. Aggregation of colloidal particles in the presence of hydrophobic anions：importance of attractive Non-DLVO forces[J]. Langmuir，2018，34(47)：14 368–14 377.
2019, Vol. 38 
