冻结砂岩冲击及爆破破岩能量耗散等效模型研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2023.0964

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摘要为探究寒区爆破工程中冻结岩体的可爆性差异，对不同含水率的冻结砂岩进行SHPB冲击试验，并结合柱状炸药能量分布的理论解析，研究冻结砂岩冲击及爆破破岩能量耗散特性，进而提出冻结砂岩爆破炸药单耗模型，同时运用数值模拟方法进一步修正单耗模型。研究结果表明：(1) 随着含水率提高，砂岩试样的破坏程度逐渐加剧；相同含水率下，冻结砂岩试样的破坏程度要弱于常温砂岩试样。(2) 随着含水率w提高，常温和冻结砂岩试样的耗散能量均逐渐降低；相同含水率下，冻结状态砂岩的冲击耗散能量均高于常温状态砂岩；当含水率为0w，0.25w，0.50w，0.75w，1.00w时，其耗散能量增幅分别约为21.6%，64.9%，80.3%，78.2%，83.3%。(3) 等效处理砂岩的冲击破岩耗散能量和柱状乳化炸药的爆破破岩能量，得到砂岩的爆破炸药单耗与含水率的拟合公式。(4) 采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA的SPH粒子流算法进行爆破漏斗试验模拟，基于立方根相似定律，对砂岩的爆破炸药单耗进行修正，并对修正后常温和冻结状态砂岩的爆破炸药单耗进行拟合，得到修正的炸药单耗模型。

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关键词 ：岩石力学, 冻结砂岩, SHPB冲击试验, 能量耗散, SPH粒子流, 炸药单耗模型

Abstract：In order to investigate the blastability of frozen rock in the cold region blasting project，SHPB impact tests were conducted on frozen sandstone with different moisture contents. In addition，combined with the energy distribution of columnar explosives，the characteristics of frozen sandstone impact and blasting rock -breaking energy dissipation characteristics were studied. Based on this，the unit consumption model of explosive in frozen sandstone blasting was proposed，and the numerical simulation method was used to further modify the model. The results show that：(1) as the moisture content increases，the degree of damage to the sandstone specimens gradually increases；at the same moisture content，the degree of damage to the frozen sandstone specimens is weaker than that of the normal temperature sandstone specimens. (2) As the moisture content increases，the dissipated energy of normal temperature and frozen sandstone specimens gradually decreases；at the same moisture content，the impact dissipated energy of the frozen sandstone is higher than that of the normal temperature. When the moisture content is 0w，0.25w，0.50w，0.75w and 1.00w，the increase of dissipated energy is about 21.6%，64.9%，80.3%，78.2%，and 83.3% respectively. (3) The fitting equation of unit explosive consumption and moisture content of sandstone is obtained by equivalent calculation of the impact rock breaking energy of sandstone and the blasting rock breaking energy of columnar emulsion explosive. (4) Based on the simulation results of blasting crater test，the cubic root similarity law was used to correct the unit explosive consumption and a modified unit explosive consumption model of sandstone blasting is obtained.

Key words： rock mechanics frozen sandstone SHPB impact test energy dissipation SPH algorithm unit explosive consumption

引用本文:

张硕彦1，2，3，蒋楠2，3，姚颖康2，3，周传波1，罗学东1，曹华彰1. 冻结砂岩冲击及爆破破岩能量耗散等效模型研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2024, 43(5): 1255-1269.
ZHANG Shuoyan1，2，3，JIANG Nan2，3，YAO Yingkang2，3，ZHOU Chuanbo1，. Equivalent modeling of energy dissipation in impact and rock blasting fragmentation of frozen sandstone. , 2024, 43(5): 1255-1269.

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https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2023.0964 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2024/V43/I5/1255

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