(1. College of Energy and Mining Engineering，Shandong University of Science and Technology，Qingdao，Shandong 266590，China；2. School of Science，Qingdao University of Technology，Qingdao，Shandong 266520，China)
Abstract：Support and pressure relief are conventional measures for rock burst roadway protection. To explore the synergistic prevention and control effect of the two methods on rock burst of roadway surrounding rock，the dynamic impact compression test of anchored specimens with prefabricated drilling holes was carried out using the Separated Hopkinson pressure bar syestem，and the influence of anchor bolt and hole on the dynamic mechanical characteristics，energy dissipation law and fracture evolution of the specimen was analyzed. The experimental results show that the bolt can significantly improve the dynamic impact resistance of the specimen，but there is no simple proportional relationship between the number of bolts and the dynamic strength of the specimen，and the anchoring strengthening effect is controlled by the surrounding drilling holes. After anchoring treatment，the tensile crack around the borehole is inhibited，the propagation of the far-field crack is increased obviously，and the dynamic failure mode of the specimen changes from the tension-shear failure without anchoring to the split-tensile failure after anchoring. The existence of both anchor rod and borehole will lead to the increase of dissipative energy of the specimen，but the action principle of the two is different：borehole provides compensation space for the deformation of surrounding rock while prolonging the time of failure stage，resulting in more cracks propagated in this stage. In comparison，the bolt deforms with the rock specimen during the dynamic load，inhibiting the development of large cracks and producing more small cracks. Therefore，the energy dissipation ratio of the anchored sample is the highest. Based on the elastic stress wave theory and the elastic-plastic mechanics theory，the mechanical criterion and energy criterion for the impact failure of deep roadway anchorage bearing structure considering the energy release from pressure relief holes and the energy absorption of anchorage structure are established，and the optimal design method of roadway unloading system threatened by the dynamic load is proposed. The research results can provide theoretical guidance for the roadway engineering design threatened by dynamic load.
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2025, Vol. 44 
