锚索–锚固剂–围岩锚固系统循环剪切力学特性研究

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0756

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摘要锚索–锚固剂–围岩界面是锚固系统中的薄弱环节，针对其在循环扰动作用下的脱黏失效特性，建立锚固系统等效剪切力学模型，并开展循环剪切试验。研究围岩岩性、法向荷载( )、循环剪切位移幅值( )及循环次数(N)对锚固系统剪切力学特性的影响。试验结果表明，锚固系统在循环剪切阶段损伤渐进累积，最大剪切力( )随N整体呈现递减趋势。随着的增加，锚固系统达到最大剪切力阶段逐渐由直剪阶段向循环剪切阶段过渡，峰值剪切力( )与残余剪切力( )分别减小28.46%～54.13%与21.22%～49.25%，而围岩强度与法向荷载的增加强化了锚固系统的抗剪特性。循环剪切阶段，界面持续磨损劣化导致锚固系统法向剪缩加剧，而直剪过程中贯通破裂面爬坡效应导致法向剪胀逐渐凸显；锚固系统整体剪缩随与的增大逐渐增强，随围岩强度的增加逐渐弱化。识别出3种典型剪切破坏模式：煤基质内部剪切贯通破裂，锚固剂–砂岩界面脱黏失效与锚固剂断裂，灰岩锚固系统锚索–锚固剂界面脱黏滑移，并基于数字照相探讨锚固系统剪切破裂面形成与脱黏失效演化全过程。

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	尹乾1
	2
	陶志刚2
	朱强1
	何满潮2
	王丰年3
	吴疆宇1
	浦海1
	任树林2
	吕中玉4

关键词 ：岩石力学, 锚固系统, 异性界面, 循环剪切, 法向变形, 脱黏失效

Abstract：The interfaces between the anchor cable，anchoring agent and surrounding rock represent critical weak points in anchoring systems. This study focuses on the debonding failure characteristics under cyclic disturbance and established an equivalent shear mechanics model for the anchoring system，conducting cyclic shear tests. The influences of rock lithology，normal load(Fs)，cyclic shear displacement amplitude(ud) and cycle number(N) on the shear mechanical properties of the anchoring system were investigated. The experimental results reveal that the anchoring system experiences progressive accumulation of damage during the cyclic shear stage，with the maximum shear force(Fhpeak) generally presenting a decreasing trend as N increases. As ud increases，the location of the maximum shear force in the anchoring system gradually shifts from the direct shear stage to the cyclic shear stage. The peak shear force(Fhmax) and residual shear force(Fhres) decrease by 28.46%–54.13% and 21.22%–49.25%，respectively. An increase in the rock strength and normal load enhances the shear resistance characteristics of the anchoring system. During the cyclic shear stage，the sustained wear and degradation at the interface result in a more pronounced normal shear contraction within the anchoring system. Conversely，in the direct shear process，the climbing effect of the through fracture plane leads to a gradual increase in normal shear dilation. The overall shear contraction of the anchoring system is gradually enhanced with increases in ud and Fs，while it diminishes with increasing rock strength. Three typical shear failure modes of the anchoring system are identified：internal shear fracture through the coal matrix，debonding failure and fracture at the anchoring agent-sandstone interface，and debonding and slip at the anchor cable-anchoring agent interface in the limestone anchoring system. The entire process of shear fracture surface formation and the evolution of debonding failure in the anchoring system is discussed based on digital photography.

Key words： rock mechanics anchoring system anisotropic interface cyclic shear normal deformation debonding failure

引用本文:

尹乾1，2，陶志刚2，朱强1，何满潮2，王丰年3，吴疆宇1，浦海1，任树林2，吕中玉4. 锚索–锚固剂–围岩锚固系统循环剪切力学特性研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(5): 1166-1179.
YIN Qian1，2，TAO Zhigang2，ZHU Qiang1，HE Manchao2，WANG Fengnian3，WU Jiangyu1，PU Hai1，REN Shulin2，LYU Zhongyu4. Study on the cyclic shear mechanical properties of anchoring systems containing anchor cable，anchoring agent and surrounding rock. , 2025, 44(5): 1166-1179.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0756 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I5/1166

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