基于应变控制的单轴循环加卸载下花岗岩变形破坏研究

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2023.1010

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摘要以花岗岩为研究对象，提出一种基于轴向应变控制的单轴循环加卸载试验方案，探究循环荷载作用下岩样的强度和变形演化规律。结果表明：对于单轴压缩试验，岩样的峰值强度和泊松比离散性较大，峰值应变和弹性模量相对比较稳定，岩样的峰值应变稳定在0.43%和0.37%两个区间，探究在损伤强度引发应变至达到峰值应变的区间范围内，应力–应变曲线的演变特征，对应力–应变曲线分段拟合，通过曲线斜率变化趋势得到循环荷载试样的轴向应变控制值分别为0.37%和0.32%。在循环加卸载过程中，随着循环次数的增加，加卸载应力–应变曲线形成滞回环，且向应变增大的方向发展，首次循环加卸载弹性模量差异最大，此后两者的差值逐渐减小，且均呈非线性下降趋势，泊松比呈非线性上升趋势，用循环加卸载响应比表征岩样的损伤程度，岩样的损伤程度进一步增大。对于损伤岩样的单轴压缩破坏，随着循环次数的增加，岩样的峰值强度呈非线性下降趋势，且下降速度逐渐变快，循环荷载作用下的岩样在单轴压缩破坏时比常规岩样具有更多的主破裂面，岩石的弹性模量大致遵循线性下降的趋势，而泊松比则呈现出非线性增长的趋势，且上升趋势逐渐变缓。

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	魏旭雅
	陈祥
	邵铭浚
	雷顺宇

关键词 ：岩石力学, 花岗岩, 循环加卸载, 应变控制, 力学特性, 岩石损伤

Abstract：Taking granite as the research subject，a uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading test scheme based on axial strain control is proposed to investigate the strength and deformation evolution of rock samples under cyclic loading. The uniaxial compression test reveals significant variability in peak strength and Poisson?s ratio，while peak strain and elastic modulus remain relatively stable，at 0.43% and 0.37%，respectively. The stress-strain curve was analyzed and fitted in segments，with the axial strain control values determined through slope analysis，yielding 0.37% and 0.32%. During cyclic loading and unloading，as the number of cycles increases，the stress-strain curve forms a hysteresis loop that evolves in the direction of increased strain. The difference in elastic modulus between the first loading and unloading cycle is the largest；thereafter，this difference gradually decreases，both trends demonstrating a nonlinear downward trajectory，while Poisson?s ratio exhibits a nonlinear upward trend. The cyclic loading-unloading response ratio serves as an indicator of the degree of damage to the rock sample，which continues to increase. In the case of uniaxial compression failure of damaged rocks，there are more primary fracture surfaces compared to conventional rocks，and with the increase in the number of cycles，peak strength displays a nonlinear accelerating downward trend. The elastic modulus shows a linear downward trend，while Poisson?s ratio exhibits a nonlinear decelerating upward trend.

Key words： rock mechanics granite cyclic loading and unloading strain control mechanical properties rock damage

引用本文:

魏旭雅，陈祥，邵铭浚，雷顺宇. 基于应变控制的单轴循环加卸载下花岗岩变形破坏研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(S1): 113-123.
WEI Xuya，CHEN Xiang，SHAO Mingjun，LEI Shunyu. Study on deformation of granite under uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading based on strain control. , 2025, 44(S1): 113-123.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2023.1010 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/IS1/113

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