间接拉伸作用下煤样声发射多重分形的层理效应研究

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0950

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摘要为研究煤岩拉伸破坏过程中声发射信号多重分形特征的层理效应，开展不同层理倾角煤样巴西劈裂试验，并采用声发射系统进行实时监测，分析其力学特性、破坏形态和振铃计数变化规律。运用MF-DFA法估算煤样多重分形谱，讨论谱宽和频谱测度子集的时变响应特征，得到了基于多重分形的煤岩拉伸破坏前兆。研究表明：当层理倾角由0°增加到90°再到C0°，煤样抗拉强度先减小后增大，破坏形态由层理张拉破坏转变为层理剪切滑移破坏，然后变化为基质拉伸破坏或伴随层理剪切滑移的复合破坏。随加载进行，煤样的先波动减小后增大，整体波动减小，裂纹分形集聚活动增强。形成宏观主破裂时，和均达到极值，信号非均匀分布特征及大尺度破裂占比达到最大。裂纹扩展模式受层理影响显著，体现为层理倾角控制裂纹扩展的方向，即随层理倾角增加，裂纹由顺层扩展转向穿层扩展，宏观裂纹种类增加，煤样裂纹演化由“单向渐进式”向“多向多源式”扩展模式过渡。对应的先减小后增大，而变化规律不一，总体上，煤样裂纹扩展机制越单一，越小。煤样多重分形参量和的时变响应特征与其裂纹演化存在密切联系，的突增和的突降可作为煤岩拉伸破坏前兆。

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	赵兵朝1
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	万欣1
	王伟1
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	郭亚欣1
	贺圣林1

关键词 ：岩石力学；层理效应；巴西劈裂；声发射；MF-DF&Alpha, ；裂纹演化

Abstract：To investigate the impact of bedding on the multifractal characteristics of acoustic emission (AE) signals during the tensile failure process of coal rock, Brazilian tests were conducted on coal samples with varying bedding angles. AE systems were employed for real-time monitoring, and analyses were performed on the mechanical properties, failure patterns, and ringing counts. The multifractal spectrum of the coal samples was estimated using the MF-DFA method. The time-varying response characteristics of the spectrum width Δα and the frequency spectrum measure subset Δf(?) were examined, which facilitated the identification of precursors to tensile failure in coal rock through multifractal analysis. The research findings indicate that as the bedding angle increases from 0°to 90°and subsequently to C0°, the tensile strength of coal samples initially decreases before increasing again. The failure mode transitions from bedding tensile failure to bedding shear sliding failure, and eventually to matrix tensile failure or a composite failure characterized by bedding shear sliding. Throughout the loading process, the coal samples display a fluctuating decrease followed by an increase in , while Δf(?) exhibits an overall fluctuating decrease. The fractal aggregation activity of cracks is enhanced, and when significant primary fractures develop, both and Δf(?) reach their extreme values, maximizing the non-uniform distribution characteristics of the signals and the proportion of large-scale fractures. The propagation mode of cracks is significantly influenced by bedding, with the bedding dip controlling the direction of crack propagation. This indicates that as the bedding dip increases, cracks transition from bedding-parallel to bedding-perpendicular propagation, resulting in a greater variety of macroscopic cracks. The evolution of crack patterns in coal samples shifts from a “unidirectional gradual” mode to a “multidirectional multifocal” mode. Consequently, the parameter initially decreases and then increases, while the variation of Δf(?) is inconsistent. Overall, the more singular the crack propagation mechanism in coal samples, the smaller the Δf(?). The time-varying response characteristics of the multifractal parameters and Δf(?) in coal samples are closely linked to their crack evolution, with a sudden increase in and a sudden decrease in Δf(?) serving as precursors to tensile failure in coal rock.

Key words： rock mechanics')" href="#">

rock mechanics bedding effect Brazilian test acoustic emission MF-DFA crack evolution

引用本文:

赵兵朝1，2，万欣1，王伟1，2，郭亚欣1，贺圣林1. 间接拉伸作用下煤样声发射多重分形的层理效应研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(9): 2277-2291.
ZHAO Bingchao1, 2, WAN Xin1, WANG Wei1, 2, GUO Yaxin1, HE Shenglin1. Bedding effect on multifractal characteristics of acoustic emissions in coal specimens under indirect tension. , 2025, 44(9): 2277-2291.

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https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0950 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I9/2277

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