基于岩石微流控芯片的渗流–溶蚀可视化实验与溶蚀速率表征

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0270

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摘要岩体渗流–溶蚀是盐岩储库水溶建腔、CO2地质封存和高坝长期防渗安全等工程实践中的关键过程。裂隙作为岩体主要导水通道，其内部溶蚀作用强烈。然而，传统实验难以实时动态表征岩石裂隙溶蚀过程，导致裂隙溶蚀形态演变规律及其对溶蚀速率的影响机制尚不清晰。采用微流控芯片技术，研发出嵌入真实岩石裂隙芯片的渗流–溶蚀可视化实验技术，实现了均质盐岩、非均质灰岩这2类典型可溶岩裂隙试样的高保真制备，进而实现了不同流速下可溶岩裂隙溶蚀形态的高精度动态观测。提出基于图像法的溶蚀速率动态表征方法，确定了均质盐岩和非均质灰岩溶蚀速率的取值范围，揭示了溶蚀速率随流速增加呈现先增大后保持不变的演化特征，其本质原因在于流速增加诱发了溶蚀模式的转变。最后，基于单相渗流条件下的对流扩散时间尺度分析和多相渗流条件下的力学平衡分析，构建了溶蚀模式发生转变的临界阈值理论模型，进而揭示了溶蚀模式对溶蚀速率的影响机制。研究成果不仅发展了可溶岩裂隙溶蚀过程的动态表征技术，还提供了一种有效测定可溶岩裂隙溶蚀速率的方法，深化了对可溶岩裂隙渗流溶蚀细观机制的认识。

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	周晨星1
	2
	胡冉1
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	陈益峰1
	2
	周创兵1
	2
	3

关键词 ：岩石力学；可溶岩裂隙；渗流&ndash, 溶蚀；微流控技术；可视化实验；溶蚀速率

Abstract：Fracture dissolution in rock masses is a critical process in engineering applications such as solution mining of salt caverns, geological CO? sequestration, and ensuring long-term seepage safety of high dams. Rock fractures act as primary flow pathways, where dissolution occurs with particular intensity. However, conventional experiments are unable to achieve real-time dynamic characterization of this dissolution process, which limits our understanding of morphological evolution and its effects on dissolution rates. In this study, high-fidelity fracture samples of two typical soluble rocks—homogeneous salt rock and heterogeneous limestone—were fabricated using microfluidic chips embedded with real rock fractures. A flow-dissolution visualization experimental technique was subsequently developed to enable high-precision dynamic observation of dissolution morphology at various flow rates. Furthermore, an image-processing method was devised to dynamically quantify dissolution rates, allowing for the determination of dissolution rates for both rock types across different flow-rate conditions. The results indicate that the dissolution rate initially increases with flow rate and then stabilizes, suggesting that a flow-induced transition in dissolution patterns is the underlying mechanism driving the evolution of the dissolution rate. Finally, a theoretical model was developed to identify the critical threshold for the dissolution pattern transition through advection-diffusion time scale analysis under single-phase flow conditions and force balance analysis under multiphase flow conditions. This model elucidates the governing mechanisms of dissolution morphology on the evolution of dissolution rates. The study advances dynamic characterization techniques for fracture dissolution in soluble rocks, provides an effective method for quantifying dissolution rates, and enhances the mechanistic understanding of fracture dissolution in soluble rock masses.

Key words： rock mechanics soluble rock fractures flow-dissolution microfluidic technology visualization experiment dissolution rate

引用本文:

周晨星1，2，胡冉1，2，陈益峰1，2，周创兵1，2，3. 基于岩石微流控芯片的渗流–溶蚀可视化实验与溶蚀速率表征[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(9): 2321-2333.
ZHOU Chenxing1, 2, HU Ran1, 2, CHEN Yifeng1, 2, ZHOU Chuangbing1, 2, 3. Flow-visualization experiment and characterization of dissolution rates in soluble rock-based microfluidics. , 2025, 44(9): 2321-2333.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0270 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I9/2321

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