基于脉冲致裂储层的改造新技术研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2017.0914

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摘要

针对水平层理发育、地应力差值大或天然裂缝不发育的非常规储层，常规水力压裂技术实现复杂裂缝的难度大，改造效果不理想，探索一种新型动力学脉冲致裂岩石的改造技术。首先建立脉冲致裂试验装置，实现对三向就地应力场的独立加载，以及脉冲致裂和水力压裂模拟技术的结合。利用龙马溪组页岩露头开展大尺度(762 mm×762 mm×914 mm)试验，直观揭示脉冲致裂裂缝形态及延伸规律；在试验数据基础上，建立更优化的数值模型，并对影响裂纹延伸距离的因素进行量化分析。结果表明：脉冲冲击波能够在页岩储层形成多方向复杂致裂裂纹，同时不会对井筒产生破坏；提高冲击能量可明显提高页岩储层致裂效果，但冲击次数存在合理的设计区间；与常规压裂模式相比，脉冲致裂与水力压裂复合的改造新模式更易形成复杂水力裂缝形态，有利于提高储层垂向和平面动用程度，在非常规储层开发中具有良好应用前景。

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关键词 ：岩石力学, 水力压裂, 裂缝形态, 物理模拟

Abstract：

Due to horizontal bedding existence，high horizontal stress difference or no natural fractures in unconventional reservoirs，it¢s difficult to create complex fracture network according to massive hydraulic fracturing. So a new stimulation technology based on high-energy electric impulse was investigated to promote efficient development in above formation. Firstly，an unique electric impulse experimental set-up was innovated under high voltage(25 kV). It could load three principal stresses independently to rock sample，as well as combine electric impulse with hydraulic fracturing in lab. A series of experiments were conducted with large-scale natural shale outcrops(762 mm×762 mm×914 mm) to help study fracture geometry and propagation mechanism. At the same time，more advanced impulse numerical model was established with experimental data. Then the geological and engineering factors effecting on operation distance were analyzed quantitatively. The results showed that the electric impulse could create complex fractures in different directions in shale without casing pipe damage；improving impulse energy could enlarge operation distance obviously，but the number of impulse operation should be designed in a reasonable range；Compared with the traditional hydraulic fracturing，the new operation model of the combination of electric impulse and hydraulic fracturing could be more conducive to create fracture network to improve stimulated reservoir volume. This technology will have good application prospect in oilfield development especially for unconventional reservoir.

Key words： rock mechanics hydraulic fracturing fracture geometry physical simulation

引用本文:

付海峰1，2，张永民3，王欣1，2，严玉忠1，2，管保山1，2，刘云志1，2，梁天成1，2，翁定为1，2. 基于脉冲致裂储层的改造新技术研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2017, 36(S2): 4008-4018.
FU Haifeng1，2，ZHANG Yongmin3，WANG Xin1，2，YAN Yuzhong1，2，GUAN Baoshan1，2，. New stimulation technology research based on impulse fracturing reservoir. , 2017, 36(S2): 4008-4018.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2017.0914 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2017/V36/IS2/4008

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