猴子岩水电站洞群硬脆性围岩变形破坏特征的3DEC分析

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.0987

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摘要猴子岩水电站地下厂区最大主应力量值高达36 MPa、小断层与层间挤压带发育，施工期主体洞室围岩变形量值较大、混凝土喷层出现较为严重的起鼓、开裂等破坏现象。为探讨围岩与喷层变形破坏现象的发生机制，采用3DEC建立开挖模拟分析模型，以修正的应变软化模型对硬脆性围岩在高应力条件下的卸荷力学响应进行模拟，并在建模上对假想为圆盘状的结构面做了特别处理。通过分析围岩应力集中区、主拉应变随开挖过程的演化以及计算位移与锚索轴力分布，研究认为：主体洞室开挖初期因开挖断面小、岩体相对完整，主要以应力控制型破坏为主，随着开挖断面增大，小断层及挤压带影响增强，加之洞群效应显现，应力控制型破坏减弱而结构面控制型破坏逐渐占优；厂房下游边墙岩体内陡倾向洞内且走向与洞轴呈小夹角的小断层因卸荷出现张开与滑移，是造成厂房上下游边墙位移显著不对称的主因。

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	杨云浩
	王仁坤
	邢万波
	程丽娟

关键词 ：岩石力学, 高地应力；硬岩；地下洞群；应变软化；变形特征；破坏机制

Abstract：During the excavation of the underground caverns at Houziyan hydropower station，high in-situ stress is encountered with the maximum principle stress being 36 MPa，and numerous small-scale geological discontinuities were also uncovered. As a results，the overall deformation of surrounding rock mass is comparatively large，and severe shotcrete failures，such as swelling and cracking，occurred. In order to investigate the deformation and failure mechanisms of rock mass and shotcrete，numerical simulations of caverns excavation using 3DEC code was conducted. In this numerical model a modified strain-softening constitutive model was used to simulate the unloading mechanical behaviors of brittle hard rock，and also the modeling of discontinuities having fictitious disk-like shape were specially considered. By analysis of development processes of both the stress concentration and the tensile strain in surrounding rock mass，this study suggests that the stress-dominated failures are easy to occur in the early stage of excavation due to high in-situ stress and relatively integrated surrounding rock mass，however with further excavation the discontinuities-dominated failures will progressively prevail over the stress-dominated ones because of increasing influence of discontinuities on stability of rock mass and the interaction among adjacent caverns. By analysis of displacement distribution and axial force developed in cables，this study suggests that for powerhouse cavern the significant difference between displacements on upstream sidewall and that on downstream sidewall is caused mainly by the opening and sliding of steep discontinuities which strike parallel to axial direction of powerhouse cavern.

Key words： rock mechanics high in-situ stress hard rock underground caverns strain-softening deformation characteristic failure mechanism

引用本文:

杨云浩，王仁坤，邢万波，程丽娟. 猴子岩水电站洞群硬脆性围岩变形破坏特征的3DEC分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2015, 34(S2): 4178-4186.
YANG Yunhao，WANG Renkun，XING Wanbo，CHENG Lijuan. ANALYSIS OF DEFORMATION AND FAILURE OF HARD ROCK MASS SURROUNDING UNDERGROUND OPENINGS IN HOUZIYAN HYDROPOWER STATION BY 3DEC NUMERICAL SIMULATION. , 2015, 34(S2): 4178-4186.

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https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.0987 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2015/V34/IS2/4178

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