不同应力路径下花岗岩三轴加卸载力学响应及其破坏特征

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2016.0815

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摘要开展3种不同应力路径下的花岗岩三轴加卸载试验，得到花岗岩在不同加卸载路径下的应力–应变曲线，分析其破坏特征、变形特征及其强度特征。试验结果表明：(1) 卸围压过程中岩石环向应变和体积应变与围压在初始阶段呈线性关系，而后呈明显的非线性关系，岩石轴向变形不明显，变形主要表现为环向变形，岩石扩容显著，脆性破坏特征明显。(2) 卸荷试验中岩石变形模量随卸荷比的增大而减小，而泊松比随卸荷比的增大而增大，在卸荷初期岩石变形参数劣化不明显，而后呈指数型变化，且岩石加轴压卸围压试验较恒轴压卸围压试验对变形参数的影响更加明显。(3) 在高应力卸荷条件下，Mogi-Coulomb强度准则较Mohr-Coulomb强度准则更能反映岩石的卸荷破坏强度特征；相对于常规三轴压缩试验，恒轴压卸围压试验试样黏聚力c降低24.21%，内摩擦角增大16.71%，而加轴压卸围压试验试样黏聚力c增大10.25%，内摩擦角减少6.64%，表明在恒轴压卸围压试验中试样抗破坏的主控因素为摩擦力，而在加轴压卸围压试验中为黏聚力。

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	李地元
	孙志
	李夕兵
	谢涛

关键词 ：岩石力学, 应力路径, 三轴加卸荷试验, 破坏, 变形, 卸荷比, 强度准则

Abstract：By carrying out triaxial loading and unloading tests for granite under different stress paths，the stress-strain curves of granite under different loading and unloading paths are obtained，and the failure characteristics，deformation characteristics and strength characteristics are analyzed. The results show that：(1) The relationship among lateral strain，volumetric strain and confining pressure is linear in the initial stage，and then is nonlinear obviously in the total stage of unloading confining pressure. The axial deformation of rock is not obvious，and the main deformation shows increasing of lateral strain. Volumetric dilatation and brittle failure of rock are observed apparently. (2) The deformation modulus decreases with the increasing of unloading ratio while the Poisson ratio rises up for unloading confining pressure tests. The degradation of deformation parameters cannot be observed obviously in the early unloading process，and then it changes in an exponential function. Loading axial pressure-unloading confining pressure tests have a more remarkable influence on deformation parameters than those of fixing axial pressure-unloading confining pressure tests. (3) Mogi-Coulomb criterion reflects the characteristics of the rock unloading failure strength more reasonable than Mohr-Coulomb criterion under high stress unloading tests. Compared with conventional triaxial test，the value of cohesion c decreases about 24.21% and internal friction angle increases about 16.71% in fixing axial pressure-unloading confining pressure tests，while the value of cohesion c increases about 10.25% and internal friction angle decreases about 6.44% in loading axial pressure-unloading confining pressure tests. It means that the internal friction angles is the key factor to control the failure of granite under fixing axial pressure-unloading confining pressure tests，and the cohesion is the key factor to control the failure of granite under loading axial pressure-unloading confining pressure tests.

Key words： rock mechanics stress paths triaxial loading and unloading test failure deformation unloading ratio strength criterion

引用本文:

李地元，孙志，李夕兵，谢涛. 不同应力路径下花岗岩三轴加卸载力学响应及其破坏特征[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2016, 35(S2): 3449-3457.
LI Diyuan，SUN Zhi，LI Xibing，XIE Tao. Mechanical response and failure characteristics of granite under different stress paths in triaxial loading and unloading conditions. , 2016, 35(S2): 3449-3457.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2016.0815 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2016/V35/IS2/3449

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