Roof-blasting control technology for rockburst prevention in the final mining stage with composite hard roof
DONG Xukai1, BAI Junjie2, ZHANG Junwen3*, LIU Jinhai1, ZHAO Shankun4, XU Meng5
(1. School of Resources and Safety Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum Balasu Coal Industry Co., Ltd., Yulin, Shaanxi 719000, China; 3. School of Energy and Mining, China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; 4. China Coal Research Institute,
Beijing 100013, China; 5. China Coal Tianjin Design Engineering Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300120, China)
Abstract：Under the conditions of a composite hard roof, the risk of rockburst at the end of the working face is significantly elevated due to the coupled effects of coordinated fracturing of overlying hard strata, high-stress concentration in isolated coal bodies, and the presence of wide protective coal pillars in the retreating roadway. Analyses indicate that frequent high-energy microseismic events induced by roof fracturing, along with stress concentration in isolated coal pillars, are the primary triggers of rockburst. Through theoretical analysis and field monitoring, the mechanism of roof-blasting-based rockburst mitigation has been elucidated, and a roof blasting control strategy has been proposed to interrupt stress transmission pathways in critical overlying strata, thereby providing effective protection for retreating roadways and isolated coal bodies. Numerical simulations were conducted to compare the stress evolution and plastic zone distribution in the surrounding rock under three scenarios: no blasting, high-position single-hole blasting, and combined “high + low-position” blasting. The results demonstrate that roof blasting substantially mitigates the effects of stress concentration during the end-of-face stage, with the “high + low-position” combined blasting exhibiting optimal performance by achieving the greatest reduction in peak stress and a notable contraction of the plastic zone. Parameter optimization indicates that a combination of high-position (53 m) and low-position (33 m) hole depths, initiation heights of 19.3 m (high) and 13.0 m (low), and inclinations of 60°(high) and 40°(low) simultaneously enables optimal evolution of plastic failure in the strata and effective stress reduction in coal pillars. Field applications have shown that the peak and concentration of support pressures were significantly decreased, with the maximum monitored coal body stress reaching only 12.7 MPa and exhibiting smooth stress variation. Additionally, the frequency and cumulative energy of high-energy microseismic events were reduced by 30% and 35%, respectively, with no events exceeding 104 J. Multi-parameter monitoring confirmed that the proposed approach effectively improved the stress environment during the end-of-face stage, reduced dynamic load intensity, and achieved coordinated protection of retreating roadways and isolated coal bodies.
董续凯1，白俊杰2，张俊文3*，刘金海1，赵善坤4，许 蒙5. 复合坚硬顶板工作面末采顶板爆破防冲调控技术[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2026, 45(3): 764-776.
DONG Xukai1, BAI Junjie2, ZHANG Junwen3*, LIU Jinhai1, ZHAO Shankun4, XU Meng5. Roof-blasting control technology for rockburst prevention in the final mining stage with composite hard roof. , 2026, 45(3): 764-776.
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2026, Vol. 45 
