分级围压和变幅循环动载下粉土累积塑性变形特征及模型研究

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2026.0148

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (0)

全文: PDF (1360 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要为揭示预应力路基典型分级应力路径下路基填料的长期动力变形特征并实现合理预测，以朔黄铁路基床层粉土填料为研究对象，开展分级增围压–变幅动载循环三轴试验，系统研究初始围压、围压增量及动应力幅值对累积塑性应变及其振次增长率的影响规律，并建立相应预测模型。结果表明，提高围压增量和初始围压均可显著抑制累积塑性应变发展，延缓试样破坏，并促使潜在破坏型试样向临界型甚至稳定型转化；随着初始动应力幅值增大，试样累积塑性应变增大，发生破坏所需振次明显减少。在非加速破坏阶段内，累积塑性应变振次增长率随振次呈阶段性“锯齿状”对数线性衰减特征，其中动应力决定增长率的总体量级，围压增量主要起调控与抑制作用。围压–动应力协变比是控制累积塑性应变演化及变形模式转化的关键参数。基于分数阶微积分理论，引入振次硬化概念表征前期加载应力历史，并结合临界动应力触发机制，建立可统一描述稳定型、临界型和破坏型变形发展的分数阶累积塑性应变预测模型。采用非线性最小二乘法进行参数辨识后，各工况下累积塑性应变预测的决定系数R2均不低于0.965；由模型求导出的振次增长率预测结果与代表性试样试验结果吻合良好，进一步验证了模型的合理性与可靠性。研究成果可为预应力路基长期动力变形控制及工程应用评价提供理论依据。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	张期树1
	刘谦1
	董俊利1*
	王文兵1
	徐方2
	聂如松2
	李亚峰3

关键词 ：土力学；循环三轴试验；粉土填料；分级增围压&ndash, 变幅动载；累积塑性应变；预测模型

Abstract：To elucidate the long-term dynamic deformation characteristics of subgrade filler under typical prestressed subgrade stress paths and facilitate reliable prediction, cyclic triaxial tests with stepwise confining pressure and variable-amplitude dynamic loading were conducted on silty filler collected from the roadbed layer of the Shuohuang Railway. The effects of the initial confining pressure, confining pressure increment, and dynamic stress amplitude on cumulative plastic strain and its cycle-based growth rate were systematically investigated, and a corresponding prediction model was established. The results show that increasing either the confining pressure increment or the initial confining pressure significantly suppresses the development of cumulative plastic strain, delays specimen failure, and promotes the transformation of potentially failure-prone specimens into critical- or stable-type specimens. As the initial dynamic stress amplitude increases, cumulative plastic strain increases, whereas the number of loading cycles to failure decreases significantly. During the nonaccelerated failure stage, the cycle-based growth rate of cumulative plastic strain exhibits a stepwise, sawtooth-like logarithmic linear decay with increasing loading cycles. The dynamic stress determines the overall magnitude of the growth rate, whereas the confining pressure increment primarily regulates and suppresses its development. The ratio of the confining pressure increment to the dynamic stress increment is a key parameter governing the evolution of cumulative plastic strain and the transformation of deformation patterns. Based on fractional calculus theory, a loading-cycle hardening concept is introduced to characterize the effects of previous loading history. In combination with a critical dynamic stress triggering mechanism, a fractional-order cumulative plastic strain prediction model is established to uniformly describe the development of stable-, critical-, and failure-type deformation. After parameter identification using nonlinear least squares, the coefficient of determination (R²) for cumulative plastic strain prediction under all test conditions in no less than 0.965. The cycle-based growth rate predicted by differentiating the model agrees well with the experimental results for representative cases, further confirming the models rationality and reliability. These findings provide a theoretical basis for controlling the long-term dynamic deformation of prestressed subgrades and evaluating their engineering applicability.

Key words： soil mechanics cyclic triaxial test silty filler graded confining pressure and variable-amplitude dynamic loading cumulative plastic strain prediction model

引用本文:

张期树1，刘谦1，董俊利1*，王文兵1，徐方2，聂如松2，李亚峰3. 分级围压和变幅循环动载下粉土累积塑性变形特征及模型研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2026, 45(11): 3456-3474.
ZHANG Qishu1, LIU Qian1, DONG Junli1*, WANG Wenbing1, XU Fang2, NIE Rusong2, LI Yafeng3. Cumulative plastic deformation characteristics and its model of silt under graded confining pressure and variable-amplitude cyclic dynamic loading. , 2026, 45(11): 3456-3474.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2026.0148 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2026/V45/I11/3456

[1] 卢春房，张航，陈明玉. 新时代背景下的交通运输高质量发展[J].中国公路学报，2021，34(6)：1–9.(LU Chunfang，ZHANG Hang，CHEN Mingyu. Realization of high-quality development of transportation in the new era[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport，2021，34(6)：1–9.(in Chinese))

[2] 聂如松，李亚峰，冷伍明，等. 列车间歇荷载作用下路基细粒土填料的塑性变形行为及临界动应力研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2021，40(4)：828–841.(NIE Rusong，LI Yafeng，LENG Wuming，et al. Plastic deformation and critical dynamic stress of fine-grained soils under intermittent loading of trains[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2021，40(4)：828–841.(in Chinese))

[3] 薛立华，肖军华，张德，等. 基于不同颗粒形态模拟方法的道砟三轴试样变形特性对比分析[J]. 工程力学，2023，40(9)：142–152.(XUE Lihua，XIAO Junhua，ZHANG De，et al. Comparative study on deformation characteristics of ballast triaxial specimens with simulation methods of different particle shapes[J]. Engineering Mechanics，2023，40(9)：142–152.(in Chinese))

[4] 董俊利，冷伍明，徐方，等. 列车荷载作用下新型预应力路基振动特性研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2023，42(11)：2 847–2 860.(DONG Junli，LENG Wuming，XU Fang，et al. Study on vibration characteristics of a new prestressed subgrade under train loads[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2023，42(11)：2 847–2 860.(in Chinese))

[5] 冷伍明，聂如松，杨奇，等. 新型预应力路基结构与性能初探[J]. 铁道学报，2016，38(11)：111–119.(LENG Wuming，NIE Rusong，YANG Qi，et al. A new type of prestressed embankment structure and its properties[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society，2016，38(11)：111–119.(in Chinese))

[6] DONG J L，XU F，ZHANG Q S，et al. Study on vibration characteristics of fine breccia soil subgrade reinforced with a new prestressed structure under train cyclic loading[J]. Construction and Building Materials，2023，397：132364.

[7] ZHANG Q S，XU F，DONG J L，et al. An experimental analysis of dynamic deformation and settlement resistance in a novel prestressed railway subgrade[J]. International Journal of Rail Transportation，2025，13(4)：635–658.

[8] DONG J L，XU F，ZHANG Q S，et al. Study on static characteristics of a novel prestress-reinforced railway subgrade[J]. Railway Engineering Science，2025，33(1)：108–126.

[9] 徐方，吴其长，董俊利，等. 新型预应力路基的静动载试验系统及应用分析[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报，2024，21(11)：4 520–4 531. (XU Fang，WU Qichang，DONG Junli，et al. Development and application analyses of static and dynamic loading test system for new prestressed subgrade[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering，2024，21(11)：4 520–4 531.(in Chinese))

[10] 杨志浩，岳祖润，冯怀平，等. 级配碎石填料大三轴试验及累积塑性应变预测模型[J]. 岩土力学，2020，41(9)：2 993–3 002.(YANG Zhihao，YUE Zurun，FENG Huaiping，et al. Large scale triaxial tests on graded macadam filling and its accumulated plastic strain prediction model[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2020，41(9)：2 993–3 002.(in Chinese))

[11] 李亚峰，聂如松，李元军，等. 间歇性循环荷载下路基细粒土填料永久变形特性及预测模型[J]. 岩土力学，2021，42(4)：1 065–1 077. (LI Yafeng，NIE Rusong，LI Yuanjun，et al. Cumulative plastic deformation of subgrade fine-grained soil under intermittent cyclic loading and its prediction model[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2021，42(4)：1 065–1 077.(in Chinese))

[12] HE Z M，WANG P P，LIU Y X. Cumulative deformation prediction and microstructure change of coarse-grained soil under cyclic loading[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering，2023，173：108136.

[13] 刘家顺，任钰，朱开新，等. 间歇性循环荷载下冻融风积土变形特性及分数阶预测模型[J]. 工程力学，2024，41(10)：89–99.(LIU Jiashun，REN Yu，ZHU Kaixin，et al. Deformation characteristics of freezing-thawing aeolian soil under intermittent cyclic load and its fractional-order prediction model[J]. Engineering Mechanics，2024，41(10)：89–99.(in Chinese))

[14] YANG D，ZHUANG X S，TAO G L，et al. Cumulative plastic strain and shakedown analysis in loess subgrades under intermittent loads[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering，2025，190：109224.

[15] 张军辉，张安顺，彭俊辉，等. 循环荷载下路基黏土永久变形特性及力学模型[J]. 中国公路学报，2024，37(6)：34–45.(ZHANG Junhui，ZHANG Anshun，PENG Junhui，et al. Characterization and mechanics modeling of permanent deformation of subgrade clay under cyclic loading[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport，2024，37(6)：34–45.(in Chinese))

[16] 黄轩嘉，刘维正，陈钊锋. 不同加载方式和含水率下路基红黏土回弹和累积塑性变形特性[J]. 交通运输工程学报，2025，25(5)：145–158.(HUANG Xuanjia，LIU Weizheng，CHEN Zhaofeng. Resilient and accumulative plastic deformation characteristics of subgrade lateritic soil under different loading modes and moisture content[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering，2025，25(5)：145–158.(in Chinese))

[17] 廖昕，范茂基，陈治良，等. 冻融循环下罗布泊盐渍土的累积变形特性研究[J]. 工程地质学报，2024，32(3)：800–810.(LIAO Xin，FAN Maoji，CHEN Zhiliang，et al. Accumulative deformation characteristics of saline soils in Lop Nur under freeze-thaw cycles[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology，2024，32(3)：800–810.(in Chinese))

[18] LI Y F，NIE R S，YUE Z R，et al. Dynamic behaviors of fine-grained subgrade soil under single-stage and multi-stage intermittent cyclic loading：Permanent deformation and its prediction model[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering，2021，142：106548.

[19] MEI H H，SATVATI S，LENG W M. Experimental study on permanent deformation characteristics of coarse-grained soil under repeated dynamic loading[J]. Railway Engineering Science，2021，29(1)：94–107.

[20] 张军辉，张安顺，彭俊辉，等. 长期循环荷载下公路路基永久变形研究综述[J]. 中国公路学报，2024，37(11)：1–25.(ZHANG Junhui，ZHANG Anshun，PENG Junhui，et al. Permanent deformation of highway subgrade under long-term cyclic loading：A review[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport，2024，37(11)：1–25.(in Chinese))

[21] 黄茂松，姚兆明. 循环荷载下饱和软黏土的累积变形显式模型[J]. 岩土工程学报，2011，33(3)：325–331.(HUANG Maosong，YAO Zhaoming. Explicit model for cumulative strain of saturated clay subjected to cyclic loading[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering，2011，33(3)：325–331.(in Chinese))

[22] BARKSDALE R D. Laboratory evaluation of rutting in base course materials[C]// The Third International Conference on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements. London：Grosvenor House，1972：11–15.

[23] MONISMITH C L，OGAWA N，FREEME C R. Permanent deformation characteristics of subgrade soils due to repeated loading[J]. Transport Research Record，1975，537：1–17.

[24] PUPPALA A J，SARIDE S，CHOMTID S. Experimental and modeling studies of permanent strains of subgrade soils[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering，2009，135(10)：1 379–1 389.

[25] 张勇，孔令伟，郭爱国，等. 循环荷载下饱和软黏土的累积塑性应变试验研究[J]. 岩土力学，2009，30(6)：1 542–1 548.(ZHANG Yong，KONG Lingwei，GUO Aiguo，et al. Cumulative plastic strain of saturated soft clay under cyclic loading[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2009，30(6)：1 542–1 548.(in Chinese))

[26] 田小革，李光耀，窦文利，等. 干湿循环和动载作用下粉砂土累积变形研究[J]. 铁道工程学报，2023，40(9)：1–7.(TIAN Xiaoge，LI Guangyao，DOU Wenli，et al. Study on cumulative deformation of silty soil under dry-wet cycle and dynamic load[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society，2023，40(9)：1–7.(in Chinese))

[27] LI D Q，SELIG E T. Cumulative plastic deformation for fine grained subgrade soils[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering，1996，122(12)：1 006–1 013.

[28] CHAI J C，MIURA N. Traffic-load-induced permanent deformation of road on soft subsoil[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering，2002，128(11)：907–916.

[29] 张哲，付伟，张军辉，等. 循环荷载下冻融路基黏土长期塑性行为[J]. 吉林大学学报：工学版，2023，53(6)：1 790–1 798.(ZHANG Zhe，FU Wei，ZHANG Junhui，et al. Long-term characterising plastic behavior of thawed subgrade clay under cyclic loads[J]. Journal of Jilin University：Engineering and Technology，2023，53(6)：1 790–1 798. (in Chinese))

[30] PAUTE J L，HORNYCH P，BENABEN J P. Repeated load triaxial testing of granular materials in the French Network of Laboratories des Ponts et Chaussees[C]// Proceedings of the European Symposium Euroflex Lisbon. Portugal：A A Balkema，1996：53–64.

[31] NIE R S，MEI H H，LENG W M，et al. Characterization of permanent deformation of fine-grained subgrade soil under intermittent loading[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering，2020，139：106395.

[32] 杨奇，王晓雅，聂如松，等. 间歇循环荷载作用下饱和砂土累积塑性变形及孔压特性研究[J]. 岩土力学，2023，44(6)：1 671–1 682. (YANG Qi，WANG Xiaoya，NIE Rusong，et al. Characteristics of the cumulative plastic deformation and pore water pressure of saturated sand under cyclic intermittent loading[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2023，44(6)：1 671–1 682.(in Chinese))

[33] 梅慧浩，聂如松，冷伍明，等. 考虑时间间歇效应的粉土永久变形特性单级和分级加载动三轴试验研究[J]. 铁道学报，2021，43(12)：94–104.(MEI Huihao，NIE Rusong，LENG Wuming，et al. Characterization of permanent deformation behaviour of silt by using both single-stage and multi-stage repeated load triaxial tests considering time intermittent effect[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society，2021，43(12)：94–104.(in Chinese))

[34] 马少坤，田发派，黄海均，等. 地铁循环荷载下黏土污染圆砾的大型动三轴试验及动力特性研究[J]. 振动与冲击，2024，43(7)：245–254.(MA Shaokun，TIAN Fapai，HUANG Haijun，et al. Large-scale dynamic triaxial tests and dynamic characteristics of clay contaminated round gravel under subway cyclic load[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock，2024，43(7)：245–254.(in Chinese))

[35] 中华人民共和国行业标准编写组. TB 10102—2023 铁路工程土工试验规程[S]. 北京：中国铁道出版社，2023.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People¢s Republic of China. TB 10102—2023 Specification for soil test of railway engineering[S]. Beijing：China Railway Publishing House，2023.(in Chinese))

[36] 中华人民共和国行业标准编写组. TB 10001―2016 铁路路基设计规范[S]. 北京：中国铁道出版社，2016.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People¢s Republic of China. TB 10001—2016 Code for design of railway subgrade[S]. Beijing：China Railway Publishing House，2016.(in Chinese))

[37] 聂如松，冷伍明，杨奇. 既有重载铁路路基检测试验与状态评估[J]. 铁道工程学报，2014，31(11)：20–24.(NIE Rusong，LENG Wuming，YANG Qi. Detection test and condition assessment on existing heavy haul railway subgrade[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society，2014，31(11)：20–24.(in Chinese))

[38] 唐永康. 重载铁路路基状态监测与评价分析研究[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报，2018，15(12)：3 120–3 126.(TANG Yongkang. Research on condition monitoring and evaluation of heavy haul railway subgrade[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering，2018，15(12)：3 120–3 126.(in Chinese))

[39] NIE R S，LI Y F，LENG W M，et al. Deformation characteristics of fine-grained soil under cyclic loading with intermittence[J]. Acta Geotechnica，2020，15(11)：3 041–3 054.

[40] 聂如松，董俊利，程龙虎，等. 重载铁路基床填料低围压静三轴试验研究[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报，2019，16(11)：2 707–2 715.(NIE Rusong，DONG Junli，CHENG Longhu，et al. The study on static triaxial test of heavy haul railway filler of subgrade roadbed under low confining pressure[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering，2019，16(11)：2 707–2 715.(in Chinese))

[41] ERLINGSSON S，RAHMAN S，SALOUR F. Characteristic of unbound granular materials and subgrades based on multi stage RLT testing[J]. Transportation Geotechnics，2017，13：28–42.

[42] 浦少云，饶军应，杨凯强，等. 循环荷载下土体变形特性研究[J]. 岩土力学，2017，38(11)：3 261–3 270.(PU Shaoyun，RAO Junying，YANG Kaiqiang，et al. Deformation characteristics of soil under cyclic loading[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2017，38(11)：3 261 –3 270.(in Chinese))

[43] 庄心善，杨端，李仝，等. 连续与间歇荷载作用下路基黄土的动强度试验研究[J/OL]. 西南交通大学学报，https：//link.cnki.net/ urlid/51.1277.u.20250403.1442.008.(ZHUANG Xinshan，YANG Duan，LI Tong，et al. Experimental study on dynamic strength of subgrade loess under continuous and intermittent loads[J/OL]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University，https：//link.cnki.net/urlid/ 51.1277.u. 20250403. 1442.008.(in Chinese))

[44] LI Q L，LING X Z，HU J J，et al. Residual deformation and stiffness changes of frozen soils subjected to high-and low-amplitude cyclic loading[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal，2019，56(2)：263–274.

[45] NGUYEN Q T，DI BENEDETTO H，SAUZEAT C. Linear and nonlinear viscoelastic behaviour of bituminous mixtures[J]. Materials and Structures，2015，48：2 339–2 351.

[46] MAINARDI F. Fractional calculus and waves in linear viscoelasticity：an introduction to mathematical models[M]. London：Imperial College Press，2010：173–176.

[47] 冯怀平，耿会岭，韩博文，等. 非饱和土地区高速铁路路基沉降预测模型[J]. 岩土工程学报，2017，39(6)：1 089–1 095.(FENG Huaiping，GENG Huiling，HAN Bowen，et al. Prediction model for settlement of high-speed railway embankment in unsaturated areas[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering，2017，39(6)：1 089–1 095.(in Chinese))