冲击荷载下砂土–轮胎复合垫层动态响应与能量耗散特征

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0384

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Abstract To address the challenges of excessive thickness and high costs associated with conventional rock shed cushion layers, this study proposes a cost-effective and highly efficient sand-tire composite cushion structure designed to enhance rockfall impact protection. A numerical finite element model of the composite cushion was developed using LS-DYNA and validated through field impact tests. Subsequently, the deformation behavior and energy dissipation mechanisms of the composite cushion under impact loading were systematically investigated, with a particular focus on the influence of the number of tire layers. The results demonstrate that the sand-tire composite cushion exhibits a four-stage dynamic response consisting of compaction, diffusion, enhancement, and rebound. The primary energy dissipation mechanisms include sand compaction and frictional sliding at the sand-tire interfaces, while the tire layers significantly restrict sand deformation and provide additional energy absorption. Increasing the number of tire layers markedly enhances specific energy absorption; notably, the energy absorption per unit displacement for a three-layer tire configuration increases by approximately 50% compared to a pure sand cushion. This study elucidates the efficient energy dissipation mechanisms of the sand-tire composite cushion and proposes a novel cushioning structure that balances economic feasibility with superior performance. These findings provide robust theoretical guidance and practical support for optimized design and engineering applications in rockfall protection.

Key words： soil mechanics rock shed protection sand-tire composite cushion rockfall impact impact response energy dissipation finite element simulation

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	Articles by authors
	HUANG Fuyou1
	2
	ZHANG Luqing1*
	ZHOU Jian3
	SUN Qihao4
	WANG Song1
	2
	HAN Zhenhua1
	2

Cite this article:

HUANG Fuyou1,2,ZHANG Luqing1*, et al. Dynamic response and energy dissipation characteristics of sand-tire composite cushion under impact loading[J]. , 2026, 45(3): 933-945.

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https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/EN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0384 OR https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/EN/Y2026/V45/I3/933

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