Abstract Several def in it ion m ethods of dam age variab les are discu ssed. A cco rding to experim en t s, a secan t
modu lu s m ethod w ith coeff icien t of Gis u sed to def ine the dam age variab le of rock. A lso, a rheo logy dam age
model is p ropo sed based on rock m echan ics test s.
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Received: 16 March 1999
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