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Abstract Jinyang west mountain Grand Buddha，with significant value of culture and history，was excavated in the Permian sand rock mass on a steep slope 1 400 years ago. At present，the steep slope of the Grand Buddha is in a dangerous situation because of its broken and loosened rock mass. According to the conditions of topography，geological structure，climate，hydrology and engineering geology，the main factors influencing the slope stability of the Grand Buddha rock mass are discussed；the generalized model of the slope for stability analysis is set up，and the main working situations of the slope are put forward. By pseudostatic and limit equilibrium analysis，anti-slip and anti-overturning stability of the steep slope with broken and loosened rock mass under the main working situations affected by earthquake and rainfall are analyzed. The analytical results show that the bedding slide of the rock mass on the steep slope will not occur if there is only seismic load acting on. However，the water filling in the cracks of the loosened rock mass will greatly weaken the anti-slip and anti-overturning stability of the slope；the steep slope will not keep stable under water pressure and horizontal seismic force. Moreover，the loosened rock mass of the steep slope has the overturn risk under seismic load. These results offer a base for the mending of the broken and loosened rock mass of the Grand Buddha，and can also be a reference to the stability analysis of similar lithoid cultural relics.
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Received: 17 April 2007
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