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Abstract Based on the equivalent consolidation degree，the method that considers the smear effects diminishing the permeability of the clay in the smear zone，which can be transformed into the reduction on horizontal permeability coefficient of the soil in the efficient zone，is presented. The influence of consolidation degree induced by the size of element is discussed，in which the work-load of preprocessing can be saved and the smear effects are considered. The 3D finite element model is set up；and then the numerical simulation is executed combining with the project of vacuum preloading in Guangzhou Nansha Port. By comparing the results obtained by the usually used plane-strain method and the measured data，it is found that the results with the method proposed by J. C. Chai，which can transform the ground with sand-drains into homogeneous ground，are conservative，while the results with the method of the equivalent sand-walls are over-estimated；and it adjusts the permeability coefficients that are dependent on the intervals of sand-drains layout. The consolidation deformation with 3D FEM of ground installed by sand-drain presents more accurate than that of plane-strain method.
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Received: 15 May 2008
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