|
|
|
| KEY PROBLEMS OF FOUNDATION FAILURE，REINFORCEMENT AND STABILITY FOR SUPERHIGH ARCH DAMS |
| LIN Peng1，WANG Renkun2，KANG Shengzu1，ZHANG Haichao1，ZHOU Weiyuan1 |
| (1. State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering，Tsinghua University，Beijing 100084，China；2. HydroChina Chengdu Engineering Corporation，Chengdu，Sichuan 610072，China) |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Superhigh arch dams generally locate in complicated foundation. The failure，reinforcement and stability mechanism of foundation are facing with challenging original problems，such as：mechanical parameter and strength reasonable selection of jointed rocks；cracking problem in the heel and toe of dams；reinforcement measures for atypical faults and altered rock；grouting timing design for toe area of dam；anchorage force damage and nonlinear evaluation for integrity stability. In this paper，these key problems involved in the research methods，and reinforcing measures to carry on the discussion and analysis based on practical engineering. The micro-macro transfer method is proposed for coupling nonlinear analysis method. By employing this method，numerical simulation and experimental investigation on foundation failure，reinforcement and stability evaluation of superhigh arch dam need to further carry out for servicing dam design and construction.
|
|
Received: 19 May 2011
|
|
|
|
| [1] 李 瓒，陈 飞，郑建波，等. 特高拱坝枢纽分析与重点问题研究[M]. 北京：中国电力出版社，2004：1.(LI Zan，CHEN Fei，ZHENG Jianbo，et al. Study of key problems of super high arch dam[M]. Beijing：China Electric Power Press，2004：1.(in Chinese))
[2] 王仁坤，林 鹏. 溪洛渡拱坝建基面嵌深优化的分析与评价[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2008，27(10)：2 010–2 018.(WANG Renkun，LIN Peng. Analysis and evaluation of optimizing design for foundation excavation of Xiluodu super-high arch dam[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2008，27(10)：2 010–2 018.(in Chinese))
[3] 中国水电工程顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院. 雅砻江锦屏一级水电站大坝工程招标设计报告[R]. 成都：中国水电工程顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院，2006.(HydroChina Chengdu Engineering Corporation. Tender design report of Jinping I hydroelectric project[R]. Chengdu：HydroChina Chengdu Engineering Corporation，2006.(in Chinese))
[4] 中国水电工程顾问集团昆明勘测设计研究院. 澜沧江小湾水电站大坝工程招标设计报告[R]. 昆明：中国水电工程顾问集团昆明勘测设计研究院，2004.(HydroChina Kunming Engineering Corporation. Tender design report of Xiaowan hydroelectric project[R]. Kunming：HydroChina Kunming Engineering Corporation，2004.(in Chinese))
[5] 朱伯芳. 论混凝土坝的使用寿命及实现混凝土坝无限期服役的可能性[J]. 混凝土坝技术，2011，(2)：1–14.(ZHU Bofang. Study on the service life of concrete dam and realize the possibility of concrete dam serving indefinitely[J]. Technology of Concrete Dam，2011，(2)：1–14. (in Chinese))
[6] 林 鹏，王仁坤，周雅能，等. 高拱坝建基面浅层卸荷机制与稳定分析[J]. 岩土力学，2008，29(增)：8–14.(LIN Peng，WANG Renkun，ZHOU Yaneng，et al. Study on shallow unloading mechanism and stability of foundation interface of super high arch dam[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanaics，2008，29(Supp.)：8–14.(in Chinese))
[7] 王仁坤. 特高拱坝建基面嵌深优化的分析与评价[博士学位论文][D]. 北京：清华大学，2007.(WANG Renkun. Analysis and evaluation of optimizing design for foundation excavation of super-high arch dam[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Beijing：Tsinghua University，2007.(in Chinese))
[8] WU F Q，LIU T. Excavation unloading destruction phenomena in rock dam foundations[J]. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment，2009，68(2)：257–262.
[9] 中华人民共和国行业标准编写组. DL/T5436—2006混凝土拱坝设计规范[S]. 北京：中国电力出版社，2007.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People?s Republic of China. DL/T5436—2006 Design criteria for concrete arch dam[S]. Beijing：China Electric Power Press，2007.(in Chinese))
[10] 中华人民共和国行业标准编写组. SL282—2003混凝土拱坝设计规范[S]. 中国水利水电出版社，2003.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People?s Republic of China. SL282—2003 Design criteria for concrete arch dam[S]. Beijing：China Water Power Press，2003.(in Chinese))
[11] American Society of Civil Engineers. Foundations for dams[M]. New York：American Society of Civil Engineers，1974：7–21.
[12] 周维垣，林 鹏，周雅能，等. 高拱坝基础大垫座及周边缝设置研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2008，27(10)：1 959–1 967.(ZHOU Weiyuan，LIN Peng，ZHOU Yaneng，et al. Research on concrete socket and peripheral joint for high arch dams foundation[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2008，27(10)：1 959–1 967.(in Chinese))
[13] BAUSTAEDTER K，WIDMANN R. The behavior of the Kolnbrein arch dam[C]// Proceedings of the 15th International Commission on Large Dams. Lausanne：[s.n.]，1985：633–651.
[14] 林 鹏，周维垣. 300 m级特高拱坝非线性有限元实际应力仿真分析[R]. 北京：清华大学，2010.(LIN Peng，ZHOU Weiyuan. Study on stress distribution of super-high arch dams based on nonlinear FEM[R]. Beijing：Tsinghua University，2010.(in Chinese))
[15] 白俊光，林 鹏，李蒲建，等. 李家峡拱坝复杂地基处理效果和反馈分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2008，27(5)：902–912.(BAI Junguang，LIN Peng，LI Pujian，et al. Reinforcement effects of Lijiaxia arch dam on complicated rock foundations and its back analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2008，27(5)：902–912.(in Chinese))
[16] DEER D V，MILLER R P. Engineering classifications and index properties of intact rock[R]. [S.l.]：[s.n.]，1966.
[17] BARTON N，LIEN R，LUNDE J. Engineering classification of rock masses for the design of tunnel support[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，1974，6(4)：189–236.
[18] BIENIAWSKI Z T. Engineering rock mass classification：a complete manual for engineers and geologists in mining，civil and petroleum engineers[M]. New York：Wiley，1989：25–58.
[19] International Society for Rock Mechanics. Rock characterization，testing and monitoring：ISRM suggested methods[S]. New York：Published for the Commission on Testing Methods，1981.
[20] SEN Z，EISSA E A. Rock quality charts for normally distributed block sizes[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts，1992，29(1)：1–12.
[21] PRICE G. A suggested method for the classification of rock mass weathering by a rating system[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology，1993，26(1)：69–76.
[22] 中华人民共和国国家标准编写组. GB50287—1999水利水电工程地质勘察规范[S]. 北京：中国计划出版社，1999.(The National Standards Compilation Group of People?s Republic of China. GB50287— 1999 Geo-investigation criteria of hydraulic engineering[S]. Beijing：China Planning Press，1999.(in Chinese))
[23] 周志东，胡卸文，张悼元，等. 西南某水电站坝肩岩体质量分级方法选取探讨[J]. 成都理工学院学报，1999，26(1)：82–85.(ZHOU Zhidong，HU Xiewen，ZHANG Zhuoyuan，et al. Discussion on the selection of rock mass quality classification of a hydroelectric power station abutments[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology，1999，26(1)：82–85.(in Chinese))
[24] 杜时贵，王思敬. 岩石质量定量描述研究现状及趋向[J]. 工程地质学报，1998，6(3)：230–237.(DU Shigui，WANG Sijing. Review and trend of quantifying rock quality[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology，1998，6(3)：230–237.(in Chinese))
[25] 周火明，盛 谦，邬爱清. 三峡工程永久船闸边坡岩体宏观力学参数的尺寸效应研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2001，20(5)：661–664.(ZHOU Huoming，SHENG Qian，WU Aiqing. Size effect analysis of macro-mechanics parameters for the rock masses of TGP shiplock slope[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2001，20(5)：661–664.(in Chinese))
[26] 张菊连，沈明荣. 改进的水电边坡岩体稳定性分级法[J]. 水文地质工程地质，2011，38(2)：39–45.(ZHANG Julian，SHEN Mingrong. Modified hydropower slope rock mass stability rating system[J]. Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology，2011，38(2)：39–45.(in Chinese))
[27] 周维垣，林 鹏，王仁坤，等. 坝工岩石力学关键问题——非线性设计研究[C]// 第九届全国岩石力学与工程学术大会论文集. 北京：科学出版社，2006：70–75.(ZHOU Weiyuan，LIN Peng，WANG Renkun，et al. Key Problems of dam rock mechanics—study on nonlinear design[C]// Proceedings of The Ninth National Conference of Rock Mechanics and Engineering. Beijing：Science Press，2006：70–75.(in Chinese))
[28] 任青文，钱向东，赵 引，等. 高拱坝沿建基面的破坏和安全度研究[J]. 水力发电，2002，(12)：10–14.(REN Qingwen，QIAN Xiangdong，ZHAO Yin，et al. Study on failure and safety factor of interface of high arch dam[J]. Water Power，2002，(12)：10–14.(in Chinese))
[29] 汝乃华，姜忠胜. 大坝事故与安全：拱坝[M]. 北京：中国水利水电出版社，1995：1–339.(RU Naihua，JIANG Zhongsheng. Dam failure and safety：arch dam[M]. Beijing：China Water Power Press，1995：1–339.(in Chinese))
[30] 周维垣，林 鹏，杨若琼，等. 高拱坝地质力学模型试验方法与应用[M]. 北京：中国水利水电出版社，2008：118–188.(ZHOU Weiyuan，LIN Peng，YANG Ruoqiong，et al. Method and application of geomechanics model test on high arch dam[M]. Beijing：China Water Power Press，2008：118–188.(in Chinese))
[31] 陈胜宏，汪卫明，徐明毅，等. 小湾高拱坝坝踵开裂的有限单元法分析[J]. 水利学报，2003，(1)：66–71.(CHEN Shenghong，WANG Weiming，XU Mingyi，et al. FEM analysis of heel cracking of Xiaowan high arch dam[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering，2003，(1)：66–71.(in Chinese))
[32] 中国水电工程顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院，二滩水电开发有限责任公司. 雅砻江二滩水电站拱坝33#/34#坝段裂缝分析研究[R]. 成都：中国水电工程顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院，二滩水电开发有限责任公司，2004.(HydroChina Chengdur Engineering Corporation，Ertan Hydropower Development Company，Ltd.. Study on cracking in dam sections #33/#34 of Ertan arch dam[R]. Chengdu：HydroChina Chengdur Engineering Corporation，Ertan Hydropower Development Company，Ltd.，2004.(in Chinese))
[33] 周维垣，杨 强. 岩石力学数值计算方法[M]. 北京：中国电力出版社，2005：1–685.(ZHOU Weiyuan，YANG Qiang. Numerical computational methods for rock mechanics[M]. Beijing：China Electric Power Press，2005：1–685.(in Chinese))
[34] 周维垣，杨若琼，杨 强. 复杂地基上二滩双曲拱坝整体稳定分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，1992，11(1)：25–34.(ZHOU Weiyuan，YANG Ruoqiong，YANG Qiang. The whole stability analysis of Ertan arch dam on complex rock foundation[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，1992，11(1)：25–34.(in Chinese))
[35] 周维垣. 岩体工程结构的稳定性[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2010，29(9)：1 729–1 753.(ZHOU Weiyuan. Structure stability of rock mass engineering[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2010，29(9)：1 729–1 753.(in Chinese))
[36] 包劲青，杨 强，官福海. 改进的三维多重网格法及其工程应用[J]. 水力发电学报，2011，30(2)：112–117.(BAO Jinqing，YANG Qiang，GUAN Fuhai. An improved 3D multi-grid method and its engineering application[J]. Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering，2011，30(2)：112–117.(in Chinese))
[37] United States Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation. Design criteria for concrete arch and gravity dams[S]. Denver：United States Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation，1977.
[38] 中国水电工程顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院. 高混凝土拱坝设计计算方法与设计准则研究[R]. 成都：中国水电工程顾问集团成都勘测设计研究院，1990.(HydroChina Chengdu Engineering Corporation. Study on computing methods and design criterion of high concrete arch dam[R]. Chengdu：HydroChina Chengdu Engineering Corporation，1990.(in Chinese))
[39] 杨 强，薛利军，王仁坤，等. 岩体变形加固理论及非平衡态弹塑性力学[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2005，24(20)：3 704–3 712. (YANG Qiang，XUE Lijun，WANG Renkun，et al. Reinforcement theory considering deformation mechanism of rock mass and nonequilibrium elastoplastic mechanics[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2005，24(20)：3 704–3 712.(in Chinese))
[40] 周维垣，杨若琼，林 鹏，等. 小湾拱坝1 170 m平面地质力学模型试验[R]. 北京：清华大学，2004.(ZHOU Weiyuan，YANG Ruoqiong，LIN Peng，et al. Geomechanics model test on elevation 1 170 m of Xiaowan arch dam[R]. Beijing：Tsinghua University，2004.(in Chinese))
[41] 李庆斌，林 鹏，胡 昱，等. 金沙江溪洛渡水电站大坝下游坝趾贴角灌浆时机研究[R]. 北京：清华大学，2010.(LI Qingbin，LIN Peng，HU Yu，et al. Study on grouting time for dam toe of Xiluodu arch dam[R]. Beijing：Tsinghua University，2010.(in Chinese))
[42] 李庆斌，林 鹏，胡 昱，等. 金沙江溪洛渡水电站大坝下游坝趾锚固区工作性态与锚固时机研究[R]. 北京：清华大学，2011.(LI Qingbin，LIN Peng，HU Yu，et al. Study on reinforcement time for dam toe of Xiluodu arch dam[R]. Beijing：Tsinghua University，2011.(in Chinese))
[43] 王仁坤，林 鹏，周维垣. 复杂地基上高拱坝开裂与稳定研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2007，26(10)：1 951–1 958.(WANG Renkun，LIN Peng，ZHOU Weiyuan. Cracking and stability problems of high arch dams on complicated rock foundations[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2007，26(10)：1 951–1 958.(in Chinese))
[44] WANG R K，LIN P，ZHOU W Y. Experimental study on cracking and whole stability of Xiluodu arch dam[J]. Key Engineering Material，2007，353–358：2 565–2 568.
[45] LIN P，ZHOU W Y，YANG Q，et al. A new three-dimensional FEM model on arch dam cracking analysis[J]. Key Engineering Materials，2004，261–263：1 569–1 574.
[46] 李同春，王仁坤，游启升，等. 高拱坝安全度评价方法研究[J]. 水利学报，2007，(增1)：78–83.(LI Tongchun，WANG Renkun，YOU Qisheng，et al. Study on safety evaluation methods for high arch dams[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering，2007，(Supp.1)：78–83. (in Chinese)) |
|
|
|
2011, Vol. 30 
