边坡和采场围岩变形破裂响应特征的相似模拟试验研究

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Abstract Based on the gently inclined medium thick phosphate layer of the deep part of the east mining section of pithead #6 of Jinning phosphate mine of Yunnan phosphate chemical group Co.，Ltd.，the similar simulation model experiment for the transition from open pit to underground mining is carried out by using the mine pressure plane stress similar simulation experimental frame in College of Resources and Environmental Sciences，Chongqing University. The experimental results show as follows：(1) Affected by the underground mining，the stress distribution of the top，lumbar and bottom of open pit slope has readjusted；with the expanding of mining range，it presents a dynamic change trend that being in compression，then the compressive stress increases，finally being in tension in whole. Because of the supporting protective effect of boundary pillar，the vertical sink of open pit slope is very small after underground mining. (2) After the extraction of underground phosphate，a abutment pressure zone in a certain area of roof which is behind and in front of the underground goaf is formed；but in the area of roof which is close to upper side of underground goaf，a roof stress-relaxation zone appears. And at the same time，in the area of floor which is close to lower part of underground goaf，a floor stress-relaxation zone appears. The stress-relaxation zone expands gradually and the roof abutment pressure zone moves forward dynamically with the advance of extracting along the inclination extension of phosphate layer. (3) Due to the influence of mining，the roof and floor surrounding rocks near the goaf both have different degrees of deformation，the roof strata have different degrees of subsidence and the roof strata have different degrees of rising. The maximum subsidence point of roof and the maximum rising point of floor are located in the centre of underground goaf which is a little close to the lower part，and they moves forward dynamically with the advance of extraction. And the integral shapes of subsidence curve and rising curve of rock stratum are both tend to be bowl shape when the underground mining of phosphate reaches fully mining. Taking the goaf as center，with the increase in the distance from it along vertical and horizontal direction，the deformation of roof and floor strata are both monotone decreasing. (4) When the mining advances to the fault fracture zone and its influence region，the fault fracture zone is activated，it appears slipping and shear fracture along faulted interface. The experimental results have great significance for field engineering of the gently inclined medium thick phosphate layer of the deep part of the east mining section of pithead #6 of Jinning phosphate mine of Yunnan phosphate chemical group Co.，Ltd. and similar mines transition from open pit to underground mining.

Key words： mining engineering transition from open pit to underground mining mining influence slope and stope rocks deformation and failure similar simulation

Received: 17 January 2010

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http://www.rockmech.org/EN/Y2011/V30/IS1/2913

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