基于地面三维激光扫描技术的隧道全断面变形测量方法

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Abstract A new approach is introduced to measure tunnel deformation by means of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS)；and problems about data collection and data processing are solved. On the one hand，in order to balance accuracy with efficiency during data collection，recommendations about setting distance of adjacent stations and scan resolution are given through geometrical analysis. Besides，approaches to register data collected from different scan stations and the precision of registration are discussed. It is recommended to use global registration method to reduce registration error. One the other hand，since the raw data of TLS called “point cloud” is unable to display the tunnel deformation explicitly，a new 3D modeling algorithm is proposed so that the tunnel deformation is visualized. The new algorithm combines cylindrical fitting method with elliptical fitting method and reduces noise based on error distribution theory. Using the total station as reference，the reliability of TLS is verified and the difference between total station and TLS is less than 2 mm for tunnel deformation measurement. Finally，two cases of Shanghai Xizang Road cable tunnel and Shanghai West Changjiang Road tunnel are introduced. The first case gives details about data collection and data processing in a single-hole tunnel and shows the results of deformation. The second case focuses on how to set the positions of scan stations and targets in a multi-hole tunnel.

Key words： tunnelling engineering terrestrial 3D laser scanning deformation monitoring 3D modeling with point cloud

Received: 29 May 2013

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https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/EN/Y2013/V32/I11/2214

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