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| 3D FLUID-SOLID COUPLING MODEL TEST ON SEEPAGE FAILURE WATER-INRUSH MECHANISM OF FILLED-TYPE KARST CONDUIT
IN DEEP LARGE TUNNEL |
| ZHOU Yi，LI Shucai，LI Liping，SHI Shaoshuai，ZHANG Qianqing，CHEN Diyang，SONG Shuguang |
| (Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center，Shandong University，Jinan，Shandong 250061，China) |
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Abstract In order to explore the water-inrush mechanism of filled-type karst conduit under the influence of construction disturbance and groundwater seepage，the 3D large-scale fluid-solid coupling model text is carried out based on the water-inrush section of Shangjiawan tunnel in Baokang-Yichang expressway. The 3D visual fluid-solid coupling test platform，the water-loading control system，and the similar materials of high similarity simulating rocks and fillings in water environment are developed. The process of cracks formation-extension- connection-water inrush is truly reproduced during excavation and water loading. The catastrophe evolution mechanism of fillings seepage failure and water inrush under the permeation effects is revealed by analyzing the variation characteristics of displacement，stress and seepage pressure. The research results are as follows. (1) The water inrush of filled-type karst conduit is the result of fillings seepage failure caused by construction disturbance，high groundwater level and high seepage pressure. (2) The influence is more obvious on fillings than surrounding rock. The displacement of fillings is 20%-20% larger than that of surrounding rock，and the stress release rate is 30% higher. In water-loading stage，as the water head height rises to 6.0m，the displacement of fillings rises 50% and the seepage pressure falling rate is 0.6 kPa/min. The fillings develops into a critical state. (3) The water inrush is significantly influenced by the development morphology of karst conduit. The large-angle bend position is the barrier to prevent the inrush of water and fillings. (4) The catastrophe evolution process can be divided into four stages： Discrete tiny cracks are formed. Water channel is formed by cracks connection. Water channel is extended under the function of seepage. Water inrush pathway is formed by water channel transfixion. The first two stages are mainly influenced by excavation disturbance，while the latter two stages are closely related to the seepage effect caused by high water level and high water pressure. The results will make certain guiding significance to research on mechanism of water inrush and control of the disaster.
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2015, Vol. 34 
