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Abstract Three common excavation methods in centrifuge model tests were reviewed，including the excavation at 1 g，the drainage of appropriate liquid to simulate excavation and the excavation in-flight using a micro robot. A new excavation device was designed and developed on the basis of the understanding of the excavation processes. It was confirmed to be feasible in a centrifuge model test on foundation pit engineering in sand ground. Compared with the traditional methods，this method can be used to realize the excavation in-flight，to simulate more correctly the lateral earth pressure，and to simplify the excavation process. In the test，the multiple types of sensors were arranged to form a three-dimensional measurement. The test results were compared with the numerical simulations. It was found that the test results were always smaller than those from simulations. The surface settlement profile caused by excavations was a spandrel type. The position of the maximum induced bending moment of the retaining wall moved down along with excavations，but the moving rate decreased gradually. The upper excavation had little impact on the deep earth pressure. Similarly，the changes of the shallow earth pressure were not obvious when the lower soil was excavated.
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2016, Vol. 35 
