单轴加载条件下花岗岩声发射及波传播特性研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2016.0849

Abstract
Figure/Table
References (0)
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (773 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract The acoustic emission(AE) and wave propagation in granite under uniaxial compression were measured with the ultrasonic wave and AE synchronous monitoring devices. The stress thresholds were determined with the macro-micro methods firstly. Then evolution of AE and wave propagation during different phases were studied. The result shows that the evolution of micro cracks is related to the macroscopic deformation closely. As the cracks propagate mainly along axial direction under uniaxial compression，the axial stiffness is less sensitive than the nonlinear lateral deformation to the crack initiation and coalescence. The slope variation point of the instantaneous Poisson's ratio coincides with the stress thresholds. Crack initiation stress determined by AE monitoring is smaller than that by the macro strain methods. However，the initiation of micro crack is accurately reflected by AE. The temporal and spatial hypocenter distribution of AE events was refined based on the measured variation of velocity，which depicts the localization of the cracks or their propagation well. Because the amplitude and energy of AE signals emitted at different stages differ greatly，the variations of the characteristic parameters related to the crack propagation are different，especially after the crack damage stress. The outburst increase of AE energy before rock failure can be a precursor to catastrophic damage. At the initial compaction stage，the ultrasonic velocity and amplitude increase with the axial stress. However，the increasing rate decreases gradually. The lateral velocity reaches the peak near crack closure stress and remains constant in a certain later stage. Meanwhile，velocities along the other directions keep increasing. With the increase of the angle to the radial direction，the increment and the stress corresponding to the decreasing point of acoustic velocity increase gradually. The influence of damage development on ultrasonic velocity lags behind that on the AE events.

Key words： rock mechanics uniaxial compression crack evolution stress thresholds acoustic velocity acoustic

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	ZHANG Guokai1
	2
	LI Haibo1
	XIA Xiang1
	CHEN Qiuyu1
	LIU Jingsen1
	HUANG Zhenghong1

Cite this article:

ZHANG Guokai1,2,LI Haibo1, et al. Experiment study on acoustic emission and wave propagation in granite under uniaxial compression[J]. , 2017, 36(5): 1133-1144.

URL:

http://www.rockmech.org/EN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2016.0849 OR http://www.rockmech.org/EN/Y2017/V36/I5/1133

[10]	HAZZARD J F，YOUNG R P. Moment tensors and micromechanical models[J]. Tectonophysics，2002，356(1)：181-197.
[2]	BIRCH F. The velocity of compressional waves in rocks to 10 kilobars，Part 1[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research，1960，65(4)： 1 083-1 102.
[5]	CHOW T M， MEGLIS I L，YOUNG R P. Progressive microcrack development in tests on Lac du Bonnet granite—II. Ultrasonic tomographic imaging[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science and Geomechanics Abstracts，1995，32(8)：751-761.
[12]	LOKAJÍ?EK T，GOEL R K，RUDAJEV V，et al. Assessment of velocity anisotropy in rocks[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2013，57：142-152.
[14]	李浩然，杨春和，刘玉刚，等. 单轴荷载作用下盐岩声波与声发射特征试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2014，33(10)：2 107- 2 116.(LI Haoran，YANG Chunhe，LIU Yugang，et al. Experimental study of ultrasonic velocity and acoustic emission properties of salt rock under uniaxial compression load[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2014，33(10)：2 107-2 116.(in Chinese))
[17]	BIENIAWSKI Z T. Mechanism of brittle fracture of rock，Parts II and III[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts，1967，4(4)：395-430.
[3]	KING M S. Elastic wave propagation in and permeability for rocks with multiple parallel fractures[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2002，39(8)：1 033-1 043.
[15]	MARTIN C D，CHANDLER N A. The progressive fracture of Lac du Bonnet granite[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts，1994，31(6)：643-659.
[1]	NARA Y，KATO H，YONEDA T，et al. Determination of three-dimensional microcrack distribution and principal axes for granite using a polyhedral specimen[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2011，48(2)：316-335.
[4]	KING M S，CHAUDHRY N A，SHAKEEL A. Experimental ultrasonic velocities and permeability for sandstones with aligned cracks[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，1995，32(2)：155-163.
[6]	AUDREY O S， FORTIN J， GUEGUEN Y， et al. Cracks in glass under triaxial conditions[J]. International Journal of Engineering Science，2011，49(1)：105-121.
[7]	SAYERS C M. Stress-dependent elastic wave velocities in shales[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts，1995，32(3)：263-267.
[9]	MANTHEI G. Characterization of acoustic emission sources in a rock salt specimen under triaxial compression[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America，2005，95(5)：1 674-1 700.
[19]	MARTIN C D. Seventeenth Canadian Geotechnical Colloquium：The effect of cohesion loss and stress path on brittle rock strength[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal，1997，34(5)：698-725.
[21]	张国凯，李海波，夏祥，等. 岩石细观结构及参数对宏观力学特性及破坏演化的影响[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2016，35(7)：1 341- 1 352.(ZHANG Guokai，LI Haibo，XIA Xiang，et al. Effects of microstructure and micro parameters on macro mechanical properties and failure of rock[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2016，35(7)：1 341-1 352.(in Chinese))
[8]	张国凯，李海波，夏祥，等. 岩石波速与损伤演化规律研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2015，34(11)：2 270-2 277.(ZHANG Guokai，LI Haibo，XIA Xiang，et al. Wave velocity and damage development of rock[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2015，34(11)：2 270-2 277.(in Chinese))
[11]	HAZZARD J F，YOUNG R P. Dynamic modelling of induced seismicity[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2004，41(8)：1 365-1 376.
[13]	PETRU?ÁLEK M，VILHELM J，RUDAJEV V，et al. Determination of the anisotropy of elastic waves monitored by a sparse sensor network[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2013，60：208-216.
[16]	EBERHARDT E，STEAD D，STIMPSON B，et al. Identifying crack initiation and propagation thresholds in brittle rock[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal，1998，35(2)：222-233.
[18]	SCHMIDTKE R H，LAJTAI E Z．The long-term strength of Lac du Bonnet granite[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts，1985，22(6)：461-465.
[20]	DIEDERICHS M S，KAISER P K，EBERHARDT E. Damage initiation and propagation in hard rock during tunneling and influence of near-face stress rotation[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2004，41(5)：785-812.
[22]	HUDSON J A，BROWN E T，FAIRHURST C. Shape of the complete stress-strain curve for rock[C]// Proceedings of the 13th U.S. Symposium on Rock Mechanics. Urbana：[s. n.]，1972：773-795.
[23]	MARTIN C D. The strength of massive Lac du Bonnet granite around underground openings[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Winnipeg，Canada：University of Manitoba，1993.
[24]	TANG C A，XU X H. Evolution and propagation of material defects and Kaiser effect function[J]. Journal of Seismological Research，1990，13(2)：203-213.