Displacement changes of the soil around the squeezed branch pile directly affect its vertical bearing capacity， while， traditional test methods are different to obtain the deformation characteristics of soil around the pile. The transparent soil model test was carried out，which is based on transparent materials and particle image velocimetry(referred to as PIV) technique，and the soil displacement around the branch pile and soil around equal section pile under axial load are tested by non-intrusive measurement. Test results show：compared with the equal section pile，squeezed branch pile can increase the bearing capacity by increasing the scope of the soil deformation displacement field and inducing the strength of the soil deformation displacement field. The soil displacement around the branches and that under the pile tip both have radial features，which shows the branch and the pile tip have the same bearing capacity，and the branches share a part of the pile load and change load transfer law. According to the soil displacement field around the branch， the soil displacement under the branch has a negative effect on the lateral frictional resistance of the pile. The position and distance of the branches have a great influence on the soil displacement field of around the branch pile through the test，and the distance between the branches should better be more than three times of the branch diameter.