卸荷条件下层状岩体层厚变化规律及机制研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.0535

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Abstract 以黄河上游某水电站层状岩体斜坡为对象，通过90个勘探平硐和地表大量变质砂岩和板岩层厚的现场测量和统计，揭示层厚的空间变化规律，分析岩层薄化的影响因素及影响范围，并基于地应力测量、岩体波速测试、三轴应力–弹性波耦合试验和数值计算，探讨卸荷作用下陡倾层状岩体斜坡的岩层薄化机制。结果表明：岩层薄化是岩性、构造、卸荷和风化等因素综合作用的结果，软硬相间岩层及其潜在弱面是岩层薄化的基础，构造作用使潜在弱面剪切，卸荷作用使潜在弱面显性张裂，风化使地表岩层进一步变薄，其中卸荷作用是主要和全局性的。河流下切使软硬相间陡立层状岩体斜坡内的地应力场非常复杂，坡顶和坡面岩层内潜在弱面直接拉张，斜坡内一定深度范围内岩层沿潜在弱面发生压致拉裂，斜坡内陡立层状岩体发生大范围岩层薄化。受之影响，层状岩体斜坡内层厚总体上随深度增加振荡式增加并在一定深度达到原生厚度而趋于稳定，层间错动带、褶皱带、卸荷裂隙带附近的层厚普遍较薄并也随埋深增大而增加，岩层厚度及影响范围随高程增加而增加，左岸反倾岩层的厚度和影响范围大于右岸顺倾岩层。层厚、埋深、纵波速度和应力状态之间具有较好的相关性，表明层状岩体的单层厚度始终受地应力场控制。研究成果为层状岩体力学性质与变形破坏研究以及工程设计提供基础。

Key words：岩石力学；层状岩体；岩层厚度；岩层薄化；地应力场；卸荷；应力&ndash 弹性波耦合试验

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	Articles by authors
	LIU Gao1
	2
	LI Jingze2
	LI Lu2
	YANG Xiongbing2
	YANG Xingyue2
	CAI Mingjun2

Cite this article:

LIU Gao1,2,LI Jingze2, et al. Study on layer thickness variation of stratified rock masses#br# under unloading conditions #br#[J]. , 2018, 37(12): 2772-2784.

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https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/EN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.0535 OR https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/EN/Y2018/V37/I12/2772

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