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| Challenges to engineering geology of Sichuan—Tibet railway |
| PENG Jianbing1，CUI Peng2，ZHUANG Jianqi1 |
| (1. Department of Geological Engineering and Geomatics，Chang¢an University，Xi¢an，Shaanxi 710054，China；2. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment，Chinese Academy of Science，Chengdu，Sichuan 610054，China) |
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Abstract The Sichuan—Tibet Railway is of great significance and plays an important role in the long-term western development and the economic and social development of Tibet. However，as the most difficult railway project in the history of the world's railways，the Sichuan—Tibet railway is faced with many unique complex and urgent scientific and engineering problems during the construction and long-term safe operation in the future，especially geological security risks. Based on the concept of earth science system，in this paper，the engineering geological problems of the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau through which the Sichuan—Tibet Railway crosses are systematically analyzed. It is believed that，in the superficial crust of the region along Sichuan—Tibet railway，there is a loose change circle composed by tectonic deformation circle，rock loosening circle，surface freeze-thaw circle and engineering disturbance circle under the combined action of internal and external factors such as plate compression，plateau uplift，climate change and engineering disturbances. The loose change circle affects and restricts the stability of the regional geological body，engineering geological body，engineering rock-soil body and engineering structure of railway engineering，and causes and controls the occurrence and chain evolution of geo-hazards. It is proposed that the Sichuan-Tibet railway is faced with the top-ten challenges and the core scientific problem behind the project is the disaster-causing mechanisms of the interaction between the plate collision zone and the surface layer. Consequently，five key research directions，including the regional crustal stability and the dynamic mechanism of major disasters under plate compression，the stability of the engineering geological body and the chain evolution mechanism of major geohazards under the background of the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau uplift，the stability and importance of engineering rock and soil mass driven by climate change and the geohazard chain amplification mechanism，the engineering structure stability under special geological environment and the mutual-feedback geohzard response mechanism for major projects，and the major project disaster risk prediction and prevention under complex environment，are proposed. The Sichuan—Tibet Railway is a rare high-quality research base for exploring the scientific problems of engineering geology and geohazards of major green corridor projects and the theory of human-land coordination. The research results will play a leading role in the geological safety research of similar major projects around the world.
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2020, Vol. 39 
