|
|
|
| Research on non-destructive testing method of GFRP bolts based on HHT signal analysis |
| ZHANG Jingke1，2，LI Kai3，ZHANG Han1，2，WANG Nan1，2，GUO Qinglin4，ZHAO Linyi4#br# |
| (1. Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China，Ministry of Education，Lanzhou University，Lanzhou，Gansu 730000，China；2. College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics，Lanzhou University，Lanzhou，Gansu 730000，China；3. China Petroleum Pipeline Corporation，Langfang，Hebei 065000，China；4. National Research Center for Conservation of Ancient Wall Paintings and Earthen Sites，Dunhuang Academy，Dunhuang，Gansu 736200，China) |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Aiming to optimize the retrieval and analysis process of non-destructive testing(NDT) of GFRP anchorage system in earthen sites，the Hilbert-Huang transform(HHT)method was used in this study to analyze the test signals of various intact and defective anchoring models. In the process of analysis，the noise in the detected signal is firstly eliminated by Butterworth filter method，and then the signal after denoising is analyzed by Fourier and HHT methods successively. It is found that this method can clearly identify the defect and the reflection signal of the bottom of the rod，so as to reverse the defect position and the anchorage length more accurately. It is also shown that the pulp defect length，reversed according to the difference of the reflection times of complete and defect models，is accordance with the given conditions. The results provide a systematic analysis scheme for the inversion of the anchorage length of soil GFRP and the location and size of the pulp defect.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [1] 刘汉东，于新政，李国维. GFRP锚杆拉伸力学性能试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2005，24(20)：3 719–3 723.(LIU Handong，YU Xinzheng，LI Guowei. Experimental study on tensile mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced plastic rebar[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2005，24(20)：3 719–3 723.(in Chinese))
[2] 张景科，郭青林，李最雄，等. 土遗址锚固机制初探[M]. 兰州：兰州大学出版社，2014：25–40.(ZHANG Jingke，GUO Qinglin，LI Zuixiong，et al. Preliminary study on anchorage mechanism of soil site[M]. Lanzhou：Lanzhou University Press，2014：25–40.(in Chinese))
[3] 张景科，谌文武，和法国，等. 土遗址加固中GFRP锚杆锚固性能现场试验研究[J]. 工程地质学报，2014，22(5)：804–810.(ZHANG Jingke，CHEN Wenwu，HE Faguo，et al. Field experimental study on anchorage performance of GFRP at conservation earthen sites[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology，2014，22(5)：804–810.(in Chinese))
[4] 王 南，张景科，谌文武，等. 基于水硬石灰与粉煤灰浆液的木锚杆锚固性能试验[J]. 兰州大学学报：自然科学版，2016，52(3)：313–319.(WANG Nan，ZHANG Jingke，CHEN Wenwu，et al. Anchor performance of wood bolts fully grouted by natural hydraulic lime and fly ash slurry[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University：Natural Science，2016，52(3)：313–319.(in Chinese))
[5] 郭 宏. 论“不改变原状原则”的本质意义——兼论文物保护科学的文理交叉性[J]. 文物保护与考古科学，2004，(1)：60–64.(GUO Hong. On the essential meaning of “The principle of not changing the original state”—Also on the intersections of culture and science in the conservation of cultural relics[J]. Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology，2004，(1)：60–64.(in Chinese))
[6] THURNER H F. Boltometer-Instrument for non-destructive testing of grouted rock bolts[J]. Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Filed Measurements in Geomachanics，1988，40(4)：135–143.
[7] BEARD M D，LOWE M J S，CAWLEY P. Ultrasonic guided waves for inspection of grouted tendons and bolts[J]. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering，2003，15(3)：212–218.
[8] BEARD M D，LOWE M J S. Nondestructive testing of rock bolts using guided ultrasonic waves[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2003，40(4)：527–536.
[9] IVANOVIC A，NEILSON R D，RODGER A A. Numerical modeling of single tendon ground anchorage systems[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-geotechnical Engineering，2001，149(2)：103–113.
[10] RODGER A A，LITTLEJOHN G S，DC HOLLAND，et al. Dynamic response of rock bolt systems at Peny Clip Tunnel in North Wales[J]. Developments in Geotechnical Engineering，1993，74：719–727.
[11] HOLLAND，CHARLES D. The behaviour of resin bonded rock bolts and other anchorages，subjected to close proximity blasting[C]// Proceedings of the 8th International Congress on Rock Mechanics. Tokyo：[s. n.]，1995：665–670.
[12] 郭 庆. 土遗址玻璃纤维锚杆锚固系统无损检测技术研究[硕士学位论文][D]. 兰州：兰州大学，2017.(GUO Qing. Study on nondestructive testing in fiberglass bolts anchorage quality for earthen sites[M. S. Thesis][D]. Lanzhou：Lanzhou University，2017.(in Chinese))
[13] 郭 庆，张景科，樊 孟，等. 声频应力波法检测土遗址加固用GFRP锚杆锚固质量初探[J]. 文物保护与考古科学，2017，29(1)：27–34.(GUO Qing，ZHANG Jingke，FAN Meng，et al. Preliminary study on sonic frequency stress wave method to detect anchor bolt quality of glass fiber reinforced polymer in earthen sites[J]. Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology，2017，29(1)：27–34.(in Chinese))
[14] 李 凯，张景科，郭 庆，等. 外露段与超钻深度对土遗址锚固无损检测影响的室内研究[J]. 兰州大学学报：自然科学版，2019，55(5)：641–646.(LI Kai，ZHANG Jingke，GUO Qing，et al. Influence of the exposed section and over-drilling depth on the nondestructive testing of anchor conservation in earthen sites[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University：Natural Sciences，2019，55(5)：641–646.(in Chinese))
[15] 孙满利，王旭东，李最雄，等. 交河故城的裂隙特征研究[J]. 岩土工程学报，2007，29(4)：612–617.(SUN Manli，WANG Xudong，LI Zuixiong，et al. Study on cranny characteristics of the ruins of Jiaohe[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering，2007，29(4)：612–617.(in Chinese))
[16] 梁腾飞，冯剑锋，卞德存，等. 基于盒维数的锚杆工作荷载无损检测研究[J]. 太原理工大学学报，2015，46(3)：327–331.(LIANG Tengfei，FENG Jianfeng，BIAN Decun，et al. Nondestructive testing of bolt working load based on box dimension[J]. Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology，2015，46(3)：327–331.(in Chinese))
[17] 许 明，张永兴. 锚固系统质量检测的小波分析法[J]. 岩土力学，2003，24(2)：262–265.(XU Ming，ZHANG Yongxing. Wavelet analysis of quality inspection of anchorage system[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2003，24(2)：262–265.(in Chinese))
[18] 李张明. 锚杆锚固质量无损检测理论与智能诊断技术研究[博士学位论文][D]. 天津：天津大学，2007.(LI Zhangming. A study on nondestructive detection theory and intelligent diagnosis technology of rock bolt anchorage quality[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Tianjin：Tianjin University，2007.(in Chinese))
[19] 岳向红. 基于小波神经网络的锚杆锚固质量分析[硕士学位论文][D]. 北京：中国科学院研究生院，2005.(YUE Xianghong. Analysis of Bolt’s anchoring quality based on wavelet neural network[M. S. Thesis][D]. Beijing：Graduate School of The Chinese Academy of Sciences，2005.(in Chinese))
[20] 钟宙灿. 基于时频分析的锚杆无损检测技术研究[硕士学位论文][D]. 成都：成都理工大学，2010.(ZHONG Yucan. Study on nondestructive detection technique of bolt based on time-frequency analysis[M. S. Thesis][D]. Chengdu：Chengdu University of Technology，2010.(in Chinese))
[21] 李维树，甘国权，朱容国，等. 工程锚杆注浆质量无损检测技术研究与应用[J]. 岩土力学，2003，24(增1)：189–194.(LI Weishu，GAN Guoquan，ZHU Rongguo，et al. Research on application of non-destructive detection technique to quality of grouting for engineering anchor bars[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2003，24(Supp.1)：189–194.(in Chinese))
[22] HUANG N E，SHEN Z，LONG S R，et al. The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis[J]. Proceedings Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences，1998，454(1971)：903–995.
[23] HUANG N E，WU M，LONG S R，et al. A confidence limit for the empirical mode decomposition and Hilbert spectral analysis[J]. Proceedings Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences，2003，459：2 317–2 345.
[24] ZMSA B，LLA B，MPA B，et al. Non-destructive testing of full-length bonded rock bolts based on HHT signal analysis[J]. Journal of Applied Geophysics，2018，151：47–65.
[25] 李 凯. 土遗址 GFRP 锚杆锚固质量无损检测的试验研究[硕士学位论文][D]. 兰州：兰州大学，2020.(LI Kai. Experimental study on nondestructive testing of gfrp anchorage quality for earthen sites[M. S. Thesis][D]. Lanzhou：Lanzhou University，2020.(in Chinese))
[26] 中华人民共和国行业标准编写组. JGJ/T182—2009锚杆锚固质量无损检测技术规程[S].北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2009.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People¢s Republic of China. JGJ/T182—2009 Technical specification for nondestructive testing of rock bolt system[S]. Beijing：China Architecture and Building Press，2009.(in Chinese))
[27] ZAYED A I. Hilbert transform associated with the fractional Fourier transform[J]. Signal Processing Letters，IEEE，1998，5(8)：206–208.
[28] KING F W. Hilbert transforms[M]. Cambridge，UK：Cambridge University Press，2009：41–64.
[29] KING F W. Hilbert transforms，Volume[R]. [S. l.]：Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications，2009.
[30] 唐毓尚. 高性能低通滤波器[硕士学位论文][D]. 成都：电子科技大学，2009.(TANG Shushang. High performance low pass filter[M. S. Thesis][D]. Chengdu：University of Electronic Science and Technology of China，2009.(in Chinese))
[31] 张世基. 振动学基础[M]. 北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1990：23–35.(ZHANG Shiji. Fundamentals of vibration[M]. Beijing：Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Press，1990：23–35.(in Chinese))
[32] 王礼立. 应力波基础[M]. 北京：国防工业出版社，1985：23–27.(WANG Lili. Fundamentals of stress wave[M]. Beijing：National Defence Industry Press，1985：23–27.(in Chinese))
[33] 杨 湖，王 成. 弹性波在锚杆锚固体系中传播规律的研究[J]. 测试技术学报，2003，17(2)：145–149.(YANG Hu，WANG Cheng. Study on propagation law of elastic wave in bolt anchoring system[J]. Journal of Test and Measurement Technology，2003，17(2)：145–149.(in Chinese))
|
|
|
|
2021, Vol. 40 
